Studi kelayakan perancangan PLTS on-grid pada atap Gedung DPRD Provinsi Jawa Barat

Permadi, An-nisaa' Shafa Kamila (2024) Studi kelayakan perancangan PLTS on-grid pada atap Gedung DPRD Provinsi Jawa Barat. Sarjana thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

INDONESIA: Saat ini pemerintah sedang aktif mendorong penggunaan energi terbarukan guna mengurangi pemakaian energi fosil, salah satunya dengan memanfaatkan energi surya sebagai sumber listrik cadangan. Penggunaan PLTS di Indonesia terus mengalami peningkatan seiring waktu, karena negara ini memiliki kondisi iklim tropis yang memungkinkan potensi energi matahari yang tinggi, yaitu sekitar 4,8 kWh/m² per hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang sistem PLTS on-grid di atap Gedung DPRD Provinsi Jawa Barat dengan kapasitas 85 kWp. Perancangan dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak PVsyst untuk menganalisis kelayakan sistem dari aspek teknis dan ekonomi. Sebanyak 24 rancangan diuji dengan variasi kapasitas panel surya dan inverter, untuk menentukan kombinasi yang menghasilkan energi paling optimal dan efisien. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi dan perhitungan, rancangan 9 terbukti paling efektif. Rancangan ini menggunakan panel surya monocrystalline dan inverter berkapasitas 30 kW. Energi yang dihasilkan mencapai 110.490 kWh berdasarkan simulasi PVsyst, sementara perhitungan teoritis menghasilkan 93.713,48 kWh. Performance ratio (PR) dalam simulasi PVsyst mencapai 85,41%, sedangkan perhitungan teoritis menunjukkan Perfomance ratio sebesar 85%. Dari aspek ekonomi, rancangan 9 memiliki investasi awal sebesar Rp 806.600.000, biaya perawatan sebesar Rp 8.066.000, nilai net present value (NPV) sebesar Rp 1.211.019.561, serta payback period selama 5 tahun 10 bulan. Estimasi penghematan tagihan listrik rancangan 9 yang menggunakan panel monocrystalline didapatkan produksi maksimal di bulan Juli 2024 sebesar Rp 20.423.361 dan produksi minimal di bulan Januari 2024 sebesar Rp 14.022.383. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa rancangan PLTS tersebut layak diimplementasikan pada Gedung DPRD Provinsi Jawa Barat menggunakan rancangan 9. ENGLISH: The government is currently actively promoting the use of renewable energy to reduce the consumption of fossil energy, one of which is by utilizing solar energy as a backup power source. The use of solar power plants (PLTS) in Indonesia has been steadily increasing over time, as the country’s tropical climate allows for high solar energy potential, approximately 4.8 kWh/m² per day. This study aims to design an on-grid PLTS system on the roof of the West Java Provincial DPRD building with a capacity of 85 kWp. The design was carried out using PVsyst software to analyze the feasibility of the system from both technical and economic aspects. A total of 24 designs were tested with variations in solar panel and inverter capacities to determine the combination that produces the most optimal and efficient energy output. Based on simulation and calculations, design 9 proved to be the most effective. This design uses monocrystalline solar panels and an inverter with a capacity of 30 kW. The energy produced reached 110,490 kWh based on the PVsyst simulation, while theoretical calculations yielded 93,713.48 kWh. The performance ratio (PR) in the PVsyst simulation reached 85.41%, while theoretical calculations showed a performance ratio of 85%. From an economic perspective, design 9 requires an initial investment of Rp 806,600,000, maintenance costs of Rp 8,066,000, a net present value (NPV) of Rp 1,211,019,561, and a payback period of 5 years and 10 months. The estimated electricity bill savings for design 9, which uses monocrystalline panels, reached a maximum production value of Rp 20,423,361 in July 2024 and a minimum production value of Rp 14,022,383 in January 2024. These results indicate that the PLTS design is feasible to be implemented on the West Java Provincial DPRD building using design 9.

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