Efektivitas kombinasi kayu apu (Pistia stratiotes) dan effective microorganism4 sebagai bioremediator dalam menurunkan kadar fosfat pada limbah cair binatu

Rais, Nisa Hamidah Azzahra (2025) Efektivitas kombinasi kayu apu (Pistia stratiotes) dan effective microorganism4 sebagai bioremediator dalam menurunkan kadar fosfat pada limbah cair binatu. Sarjana thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

INDONESIA: Peningkatan jumlah usaha jasa pencucian pakaian (binatu) menyebabkan lonjakan volume limbah cair yang mengandung fosfat, kandungan fosfat yang melimpah berpotensi memicu eutrofikasi. Mengurangi dampak negatif tersebut, diperlukan metode pengolahan limbah yang ramah lingkungan dan efisien. Bioremediasi dengan kombinasi tanaman Kayu Apu (Pistia stratiotes) dan Effective Microorganism 4 (EM4) yang merupakan salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan untuk menurunkan kadar fosfat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas Kayu Apu dan EM4 dalam menurunkan kadar fosfat pada limbah cair binatu berdasarkan parameter fosfat, suhu, pH dan morfologi tanaman. Metode penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan yang diberikan meliputi: (K) kontrol (limbah tanpa perlakuan), (P1) perlakuan dengan EM4, (P2) perlakuan dengan Kayu Apu dan (P3) kombinasi Kayu Apu dan EM4, dengan 3 ulangan pada setiap perlakuan. Pengujian dilakukan pada hari ke-0, ke-3 dan ke-7. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa P1, P2, dan P3 mampu menurunkan kadar fosfat. Konsentrasi awal fosfat sebesar 5,5 mg/L, yang jauh melebihi baku mutu peraturan menteri lingkungan hidup sebesar 2 mg/L. Kadar fosfat terendah ditemukan pada perlakuan kombinasi EM4 dan Kayu Apu, yaitu sebesar 0,61 mg/L dengan efisiensi penyisihan sebesar 89,36% pada hari ke-7. Metode bioremediasi ini terbukti efektif dalam menurunkan kadar fosfat limbah cair binatu dan memiliki potensi untuk diterapkan secara luas di masyarakat. ENGLISH: The increase in laundry service businesses has led to a surge in the volume of wastewater containing phosphate, which in excess amounts can potentially trigger eutrophication. To mitigate these negative impacts, environmentally friendly and efficient wastewater treatment methods are required. Bioremediation using a combination of water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) and Effective Microorganism 4 (EM4) is one such method that can be used to reduce phosphate levels. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Pistia stratiotes and EM4 in reducing phosphate concentrations in laundry wastewater based on phosphate levels, temperature, pH, and plant morphology parameters. The research employed a completely randomized design (CRD) with the following treatments: (K) control (untreated wastewater), (P1) treatment with EM4, (P2) treatment with Pistia stratiotes, and (P3) a combination of EM4 and Pistia stratiotes, each with three replications. Measurements were taken on day 0, day 3, and day 7. The results showed that P1, P2, and P3 effectively reduced phosphate levels. The initial phosphate concentration was 5.5 mg/L, which far exceeds the environmental quality standard set by the Ministry of Environment (2 mg/L). The lowest phosphate concentration was observed in the combined treatment (P3), at 0.61 mg/L, with a removal efficiency of 89.36% on day 7. This bioremediation method proved effective in reducing phosphate levels in laundry wastewater and has strong potential for broader community application.

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