Category shifts in translating English nursery rhymes into bahasa Indonesia on the Cocomelon YouTube channel

Wati, Laras Saras (2025) Category shifts in translating English nursery rhymes into bahasa Indonesia on the Cocomelon YouTube channel. Sarjana thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

This study aims to identify and explain the types of category shifts that occur in the translation of nursery rhymes from English into Bahasa Indonesia on the Cocomelon YouTube channel, and to analyze the translation strategies used to support these shifts. This research applies a descriptive qualitative method, focusing on five selected nursery rhyme videos. The analysis is based on J.C. Catford’s theory of category shift and supported by Åkerström’s framework of translation strategies. The findings show that a total of 136 category shifts occurred in the translations, including unit shift (63 data), structure shift (42), class shift (17), and intra-system shift (14). Unit shift appeared most frequently due to the need to adjust language units, such as translating a word into a phrase, to match the structure and flow of Bahasa Indonesia. Intra-system shift was the least common, likely because English and Bahasa Indonesia share similar grammatical systems in terms of number. In addition, 163 translation strategies were identified. Literal translation was the most commonly used (50 data), followed by paraphrasing (38), omission (3o), and several others including word-for-word, interpretation, addition, metaphor, rhyme, and borrowing. Literal translation dominated because it allowed a closer rendering of the original lyrics while still adapting them to fit children’s comprehension and the musical rhythm. Borrowing was rarely employed, as unfamiliar foreign words are generally avoided in children’s content. Overall, the study concludes that category shifts and strategic translation techniques were effectively applied to preserve the original songs’ meaning, rhythm, and educational value in the Bahasa Indonesia versions.

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