Non-observance maxims in Formula 1 team radio

Shofaa, Haniefa Amanniya (2026) Non-observance maxims in Formula 1 team radio. Sarjana thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

This research examines the non-observance maxims in Formula 1 team radio communication between F1 drivers and their race engineers during a race. In non-observance maxims, a speaker may deliberately flout a maxim to convey an implied meaning or may violate a maxim to mislead the listener. This research aims to identify the types of flouting and violating found in Formula 1 team radio using the cooperative principles theory by Grice (1975), and to identify the purposes of flouting and violating maxims in Formula 1 team radio using theories by Cook (1989) and Jazeri (2008). This research employed qualitative descriptive and content analysis methods. This research identified 65 instances of non-observance of the maxims, comprising 60 examples of maxim flouting and 5 examples of maxim violation. This indicates that most speakers disregarded the maxims without intending to deceive. A total of 30 data flouted the maxim of relation, 20 data flouted the maxim of quantity, 7 data flouted the maxim of quality, and 4 data flouted the maxim of manner. The analysis identified three violations of the maxim of quantity, one violation of the maxim of quality, and one violation of the maxim of manner. The analysis of conversations that breach the maxims reveals 30 data of topic shifts, 17 data of generating implicature, 7 data of creating effects, 2 data of emphasizing emotions, 2 data of excluding others, a data of generating humor, and a data of showing politeness. Formula 1 team radio contains many examples of flouting maxims, in which drivers or race engineers intentionally ignore them to signal to listeners that an infringement is occurring and to convey the underlying meaning. Meanwhile, when drivers or race engineers subtly breach the maxims observed in Formula 1 team radio to mislead or obscure information, listeners remain unaware of the infringement of the conveyed information against the established maxims.

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