Membedah tipologi dan modus operandi pelaku Cyberporn pada platform Telegram perspektif hukum pidana Indonesia

Rahayu, Naswa Nelina and Mayaningsih, Dewi and Nassaruddin, Ende Hasbi (2026) Membedah tipologi dan modus operandi pelaku Cyberporn pada platform Telegram perspektif hukum pidana Indonesia. Jurnal Kompilasi Hukum, 11 (1). pp. 1-19. ISSN E-ISSN 2598-6414

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Abstract

INDONESIA: Perkembangan teknologi informasi telah mendorong transformasi kejahatan pornografi konvensional ke dalam bentuk cyberporn yang bersifat anonim, masif, dan terorganisir, salah satunya melalui aplikasi Telegram. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji subjek hukum pelaku, modus operandi dan pola penyebaran, serta pemidanaan pelaku cyberporn pada aplikasi Telegram dalam perspektif hukum pidana Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif analitis dengan pendekatan yuridis empiris melalui pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan kriminologi. Data diperoleh melalui observasi daring terhadap grup dan kanal Telegram, wawancara, serta studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaku cyberporn beroperasi secara individual maupun kolektif dengan memanfaatkan fitur anonimitas, kapasitas grup besar, dan penyimpanan berbasis awan pada Telegram. Modus operandi dilakukan melalui pola komersial, seperti sistem keanggotaan VIP berbayar, dan pola nonkomersial dengan memanfaatkan bot otomatis yang terhubung ke layanan penyimpanan awan. Secara yuridis, Undang-Undang Nomor 44 Tahun 2008 tentang Pornografi telah mengatur pertanggungjawaban pidana bagi produsen, distributor, penyedia jasa, hingga konsumen konten pornografi. Namun, penegakan hukum terhadap cyberporn masih cenderung bersifat reaktif dan belum mampu menekan keberulangan tindak pidana secara efektif. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan penegakan hukum melalui pendekatan actor-oriented enforcement, strategi follow the money untuk menelusuri transaksi digital, serta penguatan kerja sama internasional melalui ratifikasi budapest Convention on Cybercrime. ENGLISH: Advances in information technology have driven the transformation of conventional pornography-related crimes into the form of cyberporn, which is anonymous, widespread, and organized, particularly through the telegram app. this study aims to examine the legal status of perpetrators, modus operandi, and patterns of distribution, as well as the criminalization of cyberporn perpetrators on the telegram app from the perspective of indonesian criminal law. the study is of a legal-empirical nature, employing a qualitative method through a regulatory and criminological approach. data was collected through online observation of telegram groups and channels, interviews, and a literature review. the results of the study indicate that cyberporn perpetrators operate both individually and collectively by exploiting telegram’s anonymity features, large group capacity, and cloud-based storage. their modus operandi involves commercial patterns, such as paid vip membership systems, as well as non-commercial patterns utilizing automated bots connected to cloud storage services. legally, law no. 44 of 2008 on pornography has established criminal liability for producers, distributors, service providers, and even consumers of pornographic content. however, law enforcement against cyberporn remains largely reactive and has not been effective in preventing the recurrence of criminal acts. therefore, it is necessary to strengthen law enforcement through an actor-oriented enforcement approach, a follow the money strategy to trace digital transactions, and enhanced international cooperation through the ratification of the budapest Convention on Cybercrime.

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