Konstruksi pemberitaan Kekerasan Seksual di Kampus : Analisis Wacana Kritis Sara Mills pada kasus UGM di Kompas.com periode April 2025

Nurjanah, Krismayanti (2026) Konstruksi pemberitaan Kekerasan Seksual di Kampus : Analisis Wacana Kritis Sara Mills pada kasus UGM di Kompas.com periode April 2025. Sarjana thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

INDONESIA : Kekerasan seksual di lingkungan kampus merupakan persoalan serius yang terus meningkat di Indonesia, dengan data Komnas Perempuan (2025) mencatat sebanyak 445.502 kasus kekerasan terhadap perempuan pada tahun 2024, di mana kekerasan seksual menjadi jenis yang paling banyak dilaporkan. Kasus kekerasan seksual yang melibatkan Guru Besar Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Gadjah Mada pada April 2025 menjadi salah satu peristiwa yang mendapat pemberitaan intensif dari Kompas.com sebagai media arus utama. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis bagaimana Kompas.com mengonstruksi narasi pemberitaan kekerasan seksual di kampus melalui dua fokus utama: konstruksi posisi subjek dan objek dalam teks berita, serta konstruksi posisi penulis dan pembaca. Penelitian menggunakan kerangka analisis wacana kritis Sara Mills yang terdiri dari dua level analisis, yaitu posisi subjek-objek (subject-object position) dan posisi penulis-pembaca (writer-reader position), dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan paradigma kritis. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi dokumentasi terhadap enam berita Kompas.com periode 5–15 April 2025. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberitaan Kompas.com secara dominan menempatkan institusi UGM sebagai subjek aktif yang menguasai narasi, sementara korban yang berjumlah 13 mahasiswi secara konsisten berada dalam posisi paling tidak bersuara dari keenam berita yang dianalisis, tidak satu pun memberikan ruang kutipan langsung kepada korban. Pelaku EM mengalami konstruksi posisi yang tidak konsisten: sempat disebut "terbukti" secara eksplisit pada B3, namun kembali dilunakkan ketika kata tersebut absen dari judul B5, mencerminkan tegangan antara kehati-hatian legal dan keberpihakan moral dalam editorial Kompas.com. Penelitian ini menghasilkan konsep baru yang disebut "patriarki prosedural", yaitu konstruksi wacana di mana sistem institusional diterima sebagai mekanisme keadilan yang legitim, sementara pengalaman dan suara korban tetap terpinggirkan dari wacana publik. Pergeseran ke perspektif yang lebih kritis-advokatif baru terjadi pada berita keenam dengan hadirnya suara Mendikti dan DP3AP2 DIY yang mengevaluasi kecukupan respons UGM, termasuk mengungkap bahwa lembaga perlindungan perempuan pun belum dapat mengakses korban meskipun terlambat. Hal tersebut menandai momen ketika pemberitaan mulai bergerak dari sekadar melaporkan tindakan institusi menuju evaluasi terhadap kecukupan respons tersebut dari sudut pandang perlindungan hak korban. ENGLISH : Sexual violence on university campuses is a serious and continually rising problem in Indonesia, with data from Komnas Perempuan (National Commission on Violence Against Women, 2025) recording 445,502 cases of violence against women in 2024, of which sexual violence was the most frequently reported type. The sexual violence case involving a Professor from the Faculty of Pharmacy at Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) in April 2025 became one of the events that received intensive coverage from Kompas.com as a mainstream media outlet. This study aims to analyze how Kompas.com constructs the news narrative of campus sexual violence through two main focuses: the construction of subject and object positions within the news texts, and the construction of writer and reader positions. The research employs Sara Mills' critical discourse analysis framework, which consists of two levels of analysis subject object position and writer reader position using a qualitative approach within a critical paradigm. Data were collected through documentation study of six Kompas.com news articles published between 5–15 April 2025. The findings show that Kompas.com's coverage predominantly positioned UGM as the institution as an active subject in control of the narrative, while the 13 female student victims consistently occupied the most voiceless position across all six analyzed articles none of them provided any direct quotation space for the victims. The perpetrator, EM, underwent an inconsistent positional construction: explicitly referred to as "proven" (terbukti) in Article B3, yet the term was softened again when it was absent from the headline of Article B5, reflecting a tension between legal caution and moral partiality in Kompas.com's editorial stance. This study produces a new concept termed "procedural patriarchy," referring to a discursive construction in which the institutional system is accepted as a legitimate mechanism of justice, while the victims' experiences and voices remain marginalized from public discourse. A shift toward a more critical-advocative perspective only occurred in the sixth article, with the emergence of voices from the Ministry of Higher Education (Mendikti) and DP3AP2 DIY (the Yogyakarta Special Region's Office for Women's Empowerment and Child Protection), who evaluated the adequacy of UGM's response including revealing that even the women's protection agency had not been able to access the victims, despite the delay. This marks the moment when the coverage began to shift from merely reporting institutional actions toward evaluating the adequacy of that response from the standpoint of protecting victims' rights.

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