Broca's Aphasia in Robert Gast's Utterances YouTube Videos based on Levelt's Model

Rivai, Muhammad Dewa (2026) Broca's Aphasia in Robert Gast's Utterances YouTube Videos based on Levelt's Model. Sarjana thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

Broca’s aphasia is a language disorder that affects speech production after brain damage. Previous studies have focused on linguistic errors or grammatical problems, while fewer studies have described how the stages of speech production work during language recovery. This study aims to identify which stages of Levelt’s Speech Production Model are functioning or disrupted in Robert Gast’s utterances and to describe how these stages change over time. This study used a qualitative descriptive method. The data consisted of 110 utterances taken from three public videos on My Aphasia playlist, Robert Gast YouTube channel, recorded between 2014 and 2017. The data were analyzed based on Levelt’s Speech Production Model, which includes conceptual preparation, grammatical encoding, morphophonological encoding, phonetic encoding, articulation, and self-monitoring. The findings show that conceptual preparation functioned throughout the data because Robert Gast was able to communicate the intended message, although many utterances were incomplete. Grammatical encoding and morphophonological encoding showed both functioning and disrupted patterns, especially in the 2014 recording. Self-monitoring was also observed through self-correction, reformulation, and repeated attempts to repair speech. Phonetic encoding and articulation could not be analyzed because these stages cannot be directly observed from recorded speech alone. The comparison between the 2014 and 2017 recordings shows longer and more connected discourse, more complete clause structures, more stable word forms, and more successful self-monitoring. These changes show improvement in several observable stages of speech production during recovery. This study shows that Levelt’s Speech Production Model can describe both speech disruption and language recovery in natural conversations produced by a speaker with Broca’s aphasia.

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