Figurative language in Ed Sheeran’s “X” album

Baghosyi, Maryanto El (2013) Figurative language in Ed Sheeran’s “X” album. Diploma thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

English songs sometimes difficult to understand as it often uses figurative language. Many people listen to the English songs as a hobby even though they do not understand the meaning. Herewith, the researcher interested to analyzing the meaning of figurative language in song lyrics of the album “X” (pronounced “Multiply”) by a singer-song writer Ed Sheeran, which formulated into two questions: 1) What kind of figurative language are found in Ed Sheeran’s “X” Album? 2) What is the meaning of each figurative language found in Ed Sheeran’s “X” Album? The researcher uses the theory from Gill (1985) that divided kind of figurative language into simile, metaphor, personification, apostrophe, epistrophe, metonymy, symbol, allegory, paradox, oxymoron, overstatement, understatement, synechdoche, irony, epiphora, synesthesia, anaphora, litotes, assonance, hyperbole, and sarcasm. The second theory taken from Pradopo (2005) that divided into 7 kinds, they are simile, metaphor, epic simile, allegory, personification, metonymic, synecdoche, antithesis, hyperbole. Researcher uses both of the theory and found 12 kinds of figurative language. they are metaphor, simile, personification, symbolism, litotes, irony, sarcasm, hyperbole, synesthesia, epiphora, anaphora, and assonance. To answer the research questions, the researcher uses qualitative method. This method is used by identifying the kinds of figurative language and analyse its meaning. This research is most suitable using descriptive analysis and qualitative approach with the researcher as the key instrument. The data were taken from the song-lyrics in the album of “X” by Ed Sheeran. It is contained of 16 songs. The researcher then collects, analyzes, discusses, and interprets the data. After categorizing data, the research method is classifying data into kinds of figurative language and interpret it depends on the contextual meaning or figurative meaning of each expression. The result shows that 42 expressions of figurative languages found in the album. They are: Metaphor for 14 expressions, Simile for 3 expressions, Personification for 3 expressions, Symbolism for 2 expressions, Litotes for 1 expression, Irony for 1 expression, Sarcasm for 1 expression, Hyperbole for 1 expression, Synesthesia for 4 expressions, Epiphora for 3 expressions, Anaphora for 3 expressions, and Assonance for 6 expressions.

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