Kurniasih, Nunung (2018) Eksistensi dan relevansi multi level marketing Syariah dengan hukum ekonomi Syariah: studi kasus perusahaan multi level marketing tiens Syariah Purwakarta. Masters thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.
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Abstract
Bisnis MLM dalam Islam sering terjadi kontroversi dan juga tidak ada hukum yang pasti menjelaskan tentang bisnis MLM yang tertuang dalam Al- Qur’an dan Hadits. MUI melalui Dewan Fatwa Nasional fatwa DSN MUI Nomor 75 tahun 2009 tentang Penjualan Langsung Berjenjang Syariah (PLBS). Akhir- akhir ini muncul modus memberi label “Syari’ah” pada perusahaan dan bisnis termasuk pada bisnis Multi Level Marketing yang tidak sesuai dengan fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis eksistensi dan relevansi Multi Level Marketing Syariah Tiens dengan hukum ekonomi syariah. Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunaka pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif studi kasus. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Tiens merupakan perusahaan multi level marketing syariah dengan produk-produk yang halal dan business plan yang sesuai dengan aturan-aturan syariah. Tiens sebagai Perusahaan Multi Level Marketing Syariah menerapkan beberapa akad sesuai dengan fatwa DSN MUI Nomor 75 tahun 2009 yaitu diantaranya akad akad ba’i/murabahah, akad wakalah bil ujrah, akad ju’alah, dan akad ijarah. Sistem penjualan Multi Level Marketing perusahaan Tiens dengan fatwa DSN MUI Nomor 75 tahun 2009 dapat dikategorikan relevan. Dalam hal obyek transaksi, barang atau produk fatwa DSN MUI Nomor 75 tahun 2009jasa yang diperdagangkan, transaksi, ketentuan harga atau biaya, sistem pemberian komisi, sistem keanggotaan, sistem kemitraan, perusahaan Tiens memenuhi 12 poin yang terdapat dalam fatwa DSN MUI Nomor 75 tahun 2009 tentang penjualan langsung berjenjang syariah. Dalam tinjauan hukum ekonomi syariah, yakni al-Qur’an surat An-Nisa ayat 29, penjualan dalam bisnis Tiens memenuhi prinsip La Tuzhlamun wa La Tuzhlimun (tidak menzhalimi dan tidak dizhalimi) , Antaradin Minkum (Saling Merelakan) dan tidak mengambil harta dengan cara yang bathil Pada praktiknya, dalam penjualan perusahaan Tiens masih terdapat kemungkinan unsur adanya money game dan tindahkan gharar yang dilakukan oleh personal demi meraup keuntungan pribadi. Diharapkan kepada para Leader dan distributor Tiens agar memperhatikan sistem penjualan agar tidak terjadi pelanggaran terhadap etika bisnis. Dan Kepada member Tiens sebaiknya membangun kerjasama tim dan senantiasa melakukan pembinaan ataupun pertemuan membahas perkembangan maupun hambatan dan solusi dalam menjalankan bisnis. Hal tersebut sangat penting karena bisnis MLM merupakan bisnis yang didasarkan Team Building dan saling memotivasi. MLM business in Islam is often a matter of controversy and there is also no law that certainly explains the MLM business contained in the Qur'an and Hadith. MUI through the National Fatwa Council of DSN MUI fatwa Number 75 of 2009 concerning Sharia Tiered Direct Selling (PLBS). Lately a mode has emerged labeling "Syari'ah" in companies and businesses including in Multi Level Marketing businesses that are not in accordance with the fatwa of the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council. This study aims to analyze the existence and relevance of Tiens Sharia Multi Level Marketing with Islamic economic law. This research approach uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive case study method. Data collection through interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis techniques using triangulation techniques. The results show that Tiens is a multi-level sharia marketing company with halal products and a business plan that complies with sharia rules. Tiens as a Sharia Multi Level Marketing Company applies several contracts in accordance with the DSN MUI fatwa Number 75 of 2009, which include the contract of the ba'i / murabahah contract, the wakalah bil ujrah contract, the juadalah contract, and the ijarah contract. The Tiens Multi Level Marketing sales system with DSN MUI fatwa No. 75 of 2009 can be categorized as relevant. In terms of objects of transactions, goods or products of DSN MUI fatwa Number 75 of 2009 traded services, transactions, price or cost provisions, commissioning systems, membership systems, partnership systems, Tiens companies fulfill 12 points contained in the DSN MUI fatwa Number 75 of 2009 about sharia-level direct sales. In a review of sharia economic law, namely the Qur'an letter An-Nisa verse 29, sales in the Tiens business fulfill the principle of La Tuzhlamun wa La Tuzhlimun (not to judge and not to be punished), Antaradin Minkum (Mutual Give Up) and not to take property in a way the false In practice, in the sale of Tiens companies there are still possible elements of money games and gharar acts carried out by individuals in order to reap personal benefits. It is expected that Tiens Leaders and distributors pay attention to the sales system so that there is no violation of business ethics. And to Tiens members it is better to build teamwork and always conduct coaching or meetings discussing developments and obstacles and solutions in running a business. This is very important because the MLM business is a business based on Team Building and mutually motivating. ﻧﺒﺬة ﻣﺨﺘﺼةﺮ ﻧﻮر ﻛﻮرﻧﯿﺸﯿﺔ: وﺟﻮد وأھﻤﯿﺔ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع اﻟﺘﺴﻮﯾﻖ ﻣﺘﻌﺪد اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﯾﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﺮﯾﻌﺔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﯿﺔ ً ﻣﺎ ﯾﻜﻮن ﻣﻮﺿﻮع اﻟﺘﺴﻮﯾﻖ ﻣﺘﻌﺪد اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﯾﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻹﺳﻼم ﻣﺜﺎر ﺟﺪل وﻻ ﯾﻮﺟﺪ أﯾﺎﻀ ً ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﯾﺸﺮح ﻋﻤﻞ اﻻﻣﺘﯿﺎزات واﻟﺮھﻮن اﻟﺒﺤﺮﯾﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﻲﻓ اﻟﻘﺮآن واﻟﺤﺪﯾﺚ. ﻣﺠﺲﻠ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء اﻹﻧﺪوﻧﯿﺴﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﻤﺠﻠﺲ اﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ اﻟﻮطﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ اﻟﺸﺮﯾﻌﺔ اﻟﻮطﻨﻲ ﻋﺪد ﺧﻤﺴﺔ وﺳﺒﻌﯿﻦ ﺳﻨﺔ أﻟﻔﯿﻦ وﺗﺴﻌﺔ ﺑﺸﺄن اﻟﺒﯿﻊ اﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺸﺮﯾﻌﺔ. ﻓﻲ اﻵوﻧﺔ اﻷﺧﯿﺮة ، ھﻨﺎك طﺮﯾﻘﺔ ﻹﻋﻄﺎء ﻋﻼﻣﺎت اﻟﺸﺮﯾﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺮﻛﺎت واﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎت ، ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ أﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﺴﺘ ﻮﯾﻖ ﻣﺘﻌﺪد اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﯾﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﺗﺘﻔﻖ ﻣﻊ ﻓﺘﻮى اﻟﻤﺠﻠﺲ اﻟﻮطﻨﻲ اﻟﺸﺮﯾﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء .اﻹﻧﺪوﻧﯿﺴﺔﯿ ﺗﮭﺪف ھﺬه اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ إﻟﻰ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وﺟﻮد وأھﻤﯿﺔ "اﻟﺘﺴﻮﯾﻖ ﻣﺘﻌﺪد اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﯾﺎت اﻟﺸﺮﯾﻌﺔ" ﻣﻊ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدي اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ. ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻧﮭﺞ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ ھﺬا ﻧﮭﺠًﺎ ﻛﻤﯿًﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام طﺮﯾﻘﺔ دراﺳﺔ اﻟﺤﺎﺔﻟ اﻟﻮﺻﻔﯿﺔ. ﺟﻤﻊ اﻟﺒﯿﺎﻧﺎت ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﻼت واﻟﻤﻼﺣﻈﺔ واﻟﺘﻮﺛﯿﻖ. ﺗﻘﻨﯿﺎت ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﺒﯿﺎﻧتﺎ .ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﺗﻘﻨﯿﺎت اﻟﺘﺜﻠﯿﺚ وأظﮭﺮت اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ أن ﺗﯿﺎﻧﺸﻲ ھﻲ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﺗﺴﻮﯾﻖ اﻟﺸﺮﯾﻌﺔ ﻣﺘﻌﺪدة اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﯾﺎت ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠتﺎ اﻟﺤﻼل وﺧﻄﻂ اﻷﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻮاﻓﻖ ﻣﻊ أﺣﻜﺎم اﻟﺸﺮﯾﻌﺔ. ﺗﯿﺎﻧﺸﻲ ﻛﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺷﺮﯾﻌﺔ ﻣﺘﻌ ﺪدة ا ،ﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﯾﺎت ﺗﻄﺒﻖ ﻋﺪة ﻋﻘﻮد وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻔﺘﻮى اﻟﮭﯿﺌﺔ اﻟﺸﺮﻋﯿﺔ اﻟﻮطﻨﯿﺔ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ وﺳﺒﻌﯿﻦ ﺳﻨﺔ أﻟﻔﯿﻦ واﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﻋﻘﺪ اﻟﻤﺮاﺑﺤﺔ ﺑﺎي ، اﻟﻮﻛﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻮھﻤﯿﺔ ، اﻟﺠﻼﻟﺔ ، وﻋﻘﻮد اﻹﺟﺎرة. ﻧﻈﺎم ﻣﺒﯿﻌتﺎ اﻟﺘﺴﻮﯾﻖ ﻣﺘﻌﺪد اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﯾﺎت ﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺗﯿﺎﻧﺸﻲ ﻣﻊ ﻓﺘﺎوى اﻟﮭﯿﺌﺔ اﻟﺸﺮﻋﯿﺔ اﻟﻮطﻨﯿﺔ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺼﻨﯿﻒ ﺧﻤﺔﺴ ﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻧﮭﺎ ذات ﺻﻠﺔ. ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ وﺟﻮد ﻛﺎﺋﻦ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ وأ ً وﺳﺒﻌﯿﻦ ﺳﻨﺔ ﺗﺴﻊ وﺗﺴﻌﯿﻦ أﻟﻔ ﺑﻀﺎﺋﻊ أو ﻣﻨﺘﺠﺎت اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎت ﺗﺪاول، واﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼت، وظﺮوف أو ﺗﻜﺎﻟﯿﻒ، وﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻌﻤﻮﻟﺔ وﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻌﻀﻮﯾﺔ واﻟﺸﺮاﻛﺔ، ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﺗﯿﺎﻧﺸﻲ ﺗﻠﺒﯿﺔ اﺛﻨﺘﻲ ﻋﺸﺮة ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ اﻟﻔﺘﻮى رﻗﻢ اﻟﺸﺮﯾﻌﺔ اﻟﻮطﻨﯿﺔ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ وﺳﺒﻌﯿﻦ ﻋ ﺎم أﻟﻔﯿﻦ و ﺗﺴﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﯿﻊ اﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ اﻟﻤﺘﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺸﺮﯾﻌﺔ. ﻓﻲ ﻣﺮاﺟﺔﻌ ا،ﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدي اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ، وھﻲ ﻗﻮﻟﮫ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﺳﻮرة ﺳﻮرة اﻟﻨﺴﺎء ﺗﺴﻌﺔ وﻋﺸﺮﻦﯾ واﻟﻤﺒﯿﻌﺎت ﻓﻲ ﺗﯿﺎﻧﺸﻲ اﻷﻋﻤﺎل ﺗﻠﺒﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺒﺎدئ ﻻ اﺿﻄﮭﺎد وﻻ اﺿﻄﮭﺎد، اﻟﻌﻄﺎء اﻟﻤﺘﺒﺎدل وﺣﻰﺘ .ﻻ ﺗﺄﺧﺬ اﻟﻤﻠﻜﯿﺔ وﺳﯿﻠﺔ ﻛﺎذﺑﺔ ﻣ ﻦ اﻟﻨﺎﺣﯿﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﺔ ، ﻻ ﺗﺰال ھﻨﺎك ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻠﺔ ﻟﻸﻟﻌﺎب اﻟﻨﻘﺪﯾﺔ واﻷﻓﻌﺎل اﻟﻐﺎر اﻟﺘﻲ ﯾﻘمﻮ وﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻊ أن ﯾﺮﻛﺰ ﻗﺎدة وﺗﺠﺎر ﺗﯿﺎﻧﺸﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ .ﺑﮭﺎ اﻷﻓﺮاد ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﺟﻨﻲ اﻟﻔﻮاﺋﺪ اﻟﺸﺨﺼﯿﺔ وﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻷﻋﻀﺎء ﺗﯿﺎﻧﺸﯿﺲ ، ﻣﻦ .ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻤﺒﯿﻌﺎت ﺣﺘﻰ ﻻ ﺗﺤﺪث اﻧﺘﮭﺎﻛﺎت ﻷﺧﻼﻗﯿﺎت اﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻷﻓﻀﻞ ﺑﻨﺎء اﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﻲ وداﺋﻤﺎ إﺟﺮاء اﻟﺘﺪرﯾﺐ أو اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﺎت ﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ اﻟﺘﻄﻮرتا ھﺬا ﻣﮭﻢ ﺟﺪا ﻷن أﻋﻤﺎل اﻻﻣﺘﯿﺎزات واﻟﺮھﻮن اﻟﺒﺤﺮﯾﺔ .واﻟﻌﻘﺒﺎت واﻟﺤﻠﻮل ﻓﻲ إدارة اﻷﻋﻤلﺎ .ھﻲ اﻷﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﺘﺠﺎرﯾﺔ اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻨﺎء اﻟﻔﺮﯾﻖ وﺗﺤﻔﯿﺰ ﻣﺘﺒﺎلد اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت اﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺣﯿﺔ: اﻟﻮﺟﻮد ، اﻟﺼﻠﺔ ، اﻟﺴﺘ ﻮﯾﻖ ﻣﺘﻌﺪد اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﯾﺎت ، اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎيد اﻟﺸﺮ
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | Multi Level Marketing Syariah; Tiens; Hukum Ekonomi Syariah; Purwakarta; |
Subjects: | Islam > Islam and Economics Fikih (Fiqih, Fiqh), Hukum Islam > Muamalat, Muamalah/Hukum Perdata Islam Fikih (Fiqih, Fiqh), Hukum Islam > Hukum Perjanjian dalam Islam |
Divisions: | Pascasarjana Program Magister > Program Studi Hukum Ekonomi Syari'ah |
Depositing User: | Neng Dewi Himayasari |
Date Deposited: | 09 Nov 2018 06:12 |
Last Modified: | 09 Nov 2018 06:12 |
URI: | https://digilib.uinsgd.ac.id/id/eprint/16520 |
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