Konsep ukhuwwah dalam Alquran kajian tematik dengan pendekatan historis

Saepudin, Endang (2018) Konsep ukhuwwah dalam Alquran kajian tematik dengan pendekatan historis. Diploma thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

The Koran is a Muslim holy book that serves as a guide and guideline for humans to answer all aspects of human life. Every verse in the Koran has a very great wisdom for the benefit of mankind both at the beginning of the downfall of the Koran to this contemporary age. The desire of Muslims is to always dialogue the Koran as a limited text with the development of social problems of humanity as an unlimited context. This is reminiscent of how the Qur'an came down in the past, with certain social cultural contexts and localities, but the Koran also contains universal values which shihlihn li kulli zamân wal makân, therefore, in the contemporary era the Qur'an needs to be interpreted according to contemporary guidance faced by the ummah without eliminating existing interpretations that descend according to the context of the era of decline. Departing from here, the interpretation of a dialectical product between the text of the Qur'an and the context (reality) must always experience development, in accordance with the development of time and place and changes in the environment. If in the past the interpretation often only focused on how to interpret verses deductively-normatively as ukhuwwah only meant by brotherhood or the general public to know it with ukhuwwah Islamiyyah, ukhuwwah Wahtaniyyah and ukhuwwah Basyariyyah. According to the author, this is less relevant. Then it is time for interpretive products to be able to read productively and creatively in order to be a solution to contemporary social-religious problems. In this arrangement, the type of research used is library research. This arrangement is also descriptive-systematic-interpretative, namely examining data that is relevant to the topic of the study with the intention of describing it in a clear and systematic manner and referring to future views. In this discussion about ukhuwwah, it was inseparable from the events of the Prophet Muhammad when in Medina which was proven by the existence of an agreement called the Medina charter which included the Arab and Jewish Community in an effort to realize the Ukhuwwah Islamiyyah (QS. Al-Hujurat :10 and QS. Al-Anfal: 72), Ukhuwwah Wathaniyyah (QS. Al-Maidah: 48 and QS. Hud: 84), and Ukhuwwah Insaniyyah (QS. Al-Hujurat: 10-13). This is also stated in article 1 (believers are one people) and chapter 25 (Jews are a people with believers). In implementing ukhuwwah, it requires stages or processes by means of: i'tisham al-hablillah, ta'aruf, tafahum, ta'awun, and tanasu which are taught by the Prophet, so that it will lead to tolerance in religion and moderation (wasathiyah) in a problem. The purpose of creating ukhuwwah is to create a harmonious, orderly and synergic social condition to build a common goal for mutual benefit. This is what is referred to as Islam rahmatan lil 'alamin.

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