Comparative study between American and British phonetic symbol in Oxford and Longman dictionary

Jailani, Anwar (2020) Comparative study between American and British phonetic symbol in Oxford and Longman dictionary. Diploma thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

English is a language that used by most people in the word. Speaking skill is very important. On this basis, phonology is the way for the human to study the sound system. It can analyze the sound of human utter and describe the sound patterns. When phonology analyzed, the role of phonetic will follow to make clear about the analyzing. Phonetics is the term for the description and classification of speech sounds, particularly how sounds are produced, transmitted and received. This research describes a phonetic analysis between two languages by using contrastive analysis. The problem of this research are formulated into two questions: (1) what are the differences between American and British phonetic symbol in Longman and Oxford dictionary (2) how are the phonetic vowels changing in Longman and Oxford dictionary. This research supported by the theory of Robert Lado (1957) to answer the questions. Then qualitative research is used for this research. The data are collected from two dictionaries which are collected by the writer. The writer read all the word of dictionary then identified it to be the data. The steps of data analysis included: (1) identifying (2) transcribing the phonetic (3) classifying and describing (4) making the conclusion. As the result of data, the researcher got fourteen points of this research. First, the change of vowel /æ/ to /ɑ:/. Second, change of /aɪ/ to /ɪ/. Third, change of /ə/ to / aɪ/. Fourth, change of /ɛ/ to /i:/, Fifth, change of /oʊ/ to/əʊ/. Sixth, change of /ɑ/ to /ɑ:/. Seventh, change of /ə/ to /ɪ/. Eighth, change of /ɛ/ to /eə/. Ninth, change of /ɑ/ to /oʊ/. Tenth, change of /ʌ/ to /ɒ/. Eleventh, change of /ə/ to /æ/. Twelfth, drop / ə/. Thirteenth, drop /ɛ/. And the fourteenth, change of /ə/ to /u/. In conclusion, there are fourteenth of vowels changing are found. Most of them will be changed and dropped when they are pressing by consonants. Furthermore, the drop /ə/ has a special case. It is commonly happened in the last of syllable. It is because of the culture. These differences caused by the mother tongue, in point of view contrastive analysis, it changed because their culture.

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