Metafictional self-consciousness : A comparative study of magical realism in Ben Okri's The Famished Road and Dee Lestari's Aroma Karsa

Ratnaningsih, Sri Rosyana (2021) Metafictional self-consciousness : A comparative study of magical realism in Ben Okri's The Famished Road and Dee Lestari's Aroma Karsa. Diploma thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

Magical realism is widely known as a narrative technique portraying magical or supernatural elements as a natural text. It was first associated with Latin American literature, brought by Gabriel Garcia Marquez. He brought the narration that portrays fantastical events in a realistic tone based on folktales and myths of his native land. Lots of writers were influenced by him even though they had different times, nationalities, social and political backgrounds. With magical realism, they could analyze various characters from their native land to become one set ideological concept whether it is political rebellion, deconstruction of historical events, or part of the lore and culture of their native lands. Okri and Lestari are no exception in this matter. Their widely known works, The Famished Road and Aroma Karsa are considered using magical realism as their narrative technique which possibly makes a connection to postmodernism term as their genre. Thus, the researcher intends to research both novels with comparative literary methodology. This research aims to find out the functional equations of magical realism in The Famished Road by Okri (Nigeria) and Aroma Karsa by Lestari (Indonesia) and how it can reflect the ethnographic of both novels. Meanwhile, the researcher using Literary Criticism as the design of the research and using mimetic and objective approaches that view literary work as the representation of to subject matter that it represents and the product as self-sufficient and autonomous. The result of this research shows that magical realism has a variety of applications that made the novels have a self-reflexivity that comes from the hybridity and paradoxical of the character; consciously act as historiographic metafiction as magical realism tends to deconstruct the mythology or history; using figurative language metaphor as an ideological concept of deforestation and urbanization; and using a bridging technique such of the natural object such as bridge, road, forest, or rituals to portray the ethnographic of both novels.

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