Uji larvasida ekstrak n-heksana, etil Asetat, dan etanol daun pepaya (Carica papaya L.) terhadap nyamuk Aedes aegypti penyebab demam berdarah dengue.

Febrianti, Wine (2021) Uji larvasida ekstrak n-heksana, etil Asetat, dan etanol daun pepaya (Carica papaya L.) terhadap nyamuk Aedes aegypti penyebab demam berdarah dengue. Sarjana thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

Preview	Text (COVER) 1_cover.pdf Download (24kB) | Preview
Preview	Text (ABSTRAK) 2_abstrak.pdf Download (26kB) | Preview
Preview	Text (DAFTAR ISI) 3_daftarisi.pdf Download (107kB) | Preview
Preview	Text (BAB 1) 4_bab1.pdf Download (94kB) | Preview
	Text (BAB 2) 5_bab2.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Download (433kB) | Request a copy
	Text (BAB 3) 6_bab3.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Download (112kB) | Request a copy
	Text (BAB 4) 7_bab4.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Download (269kB) | Request a copy
	Text (BAB 5) 8_bab5.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Download (17kB) | Request a copy
	Text (DAFTAR PUSTAKA) 9_daftarpustaka.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Download (94kB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Penyakit demam berdarah dengue (DBD) disebabkan oleh virus dengue yang ditularkan melalui gigitan nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Salah satu pencegahan penyakit demam berdarah adalah dengan penggunaan bahan larvasida agar populasi nyamuk vektor Aedes aegypti mengalami penurunan. Penggunaan Abate sebagai larvasida sintetik dinilai memiliki efek samping dalam penggunaan jangka panjang. Maka diperlukan suatu alternatif larvasida dengan bahan alami yang lebih aman digunakan salah satunya adalah daun pepaya (Carica Papaya L.). Daun pepaya diketahui mengandung karpain, kuersetin, kaempferol, steroid, dan tanin. Pada penelitian ini daun pepaya dimaserasi menggunakan tiga jenis pelarut dengan kepolaran yang berbeda yaitu n-heksana, etil asetat, dan etanol. Daun pepaya dikeringkan dan dihaluskan kemudian dimaserasi dengan pelarut n-heksana hingga kandungan bioaktif telah terlarut sepenuhnya, kemudian selanjutnya dilakukan penyaringan. Bagian filtrat dipekatkan dengan evaporator dan residu dimaserasi kembali dengan pelarut etil asetat dengan cara yang sama kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pelarut etanol. Kandungan metabolit sekunder daun pepaya diuji dengan metode konvensional untuk mengetahui keberadaan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi toksik terhadap larva Aedes aegypti. Pengolahan data yang dilakukan adalah analisis regresi linier dan analisis probit antara konsentrasi ekstrak dengan kematian larva untuk memperoleh nilai LC50 ekstrak daun pepaya pada larva Aedes aegypti. Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukan positif steroid pada ekstrak n-heksana, positif flavonoid pada ekstrak etil asetat, dan positif saponin, tanin, dan alkaloid pada ekstrak etanol. Ekstrak dikatakan toksik apabila LC50<1000. Nilai LC50 ekstrak etanol daun pepaya adalah 672,733 ppm, nilai LC50 pada pelarut n-heksana 708,552 ppm, dan nilai LC50 pada pelarut etil asetat adalah 764,406 ppm. Sehingga dapat dikatakan ketiga ekstrak dari daun pepaya bersifat toksik terhadap larva Aedes aegypti. Dengue fever (DHF) is caused by the dengue virus which is transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. One of the preventions of dengue fever is the use of larvicide material so that the population of the Aedes aegypti vector mosquito decreases. The use of Abate as a synthetic larvicide is considered to have side effects in long-term use. Therefore, an alternative larvicide is needed with natural ingredients that are safer to use, one of which is papaya leaves (Carica Papaya L.). Papaya leaves are known to contain karpain, quercetin, kaempferol, steroids and tannins. In the research, papaya leaves were macerated using three types of solvents with different polities, namely n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol. Papaya leaves are dried and mashed, then macerated with n-hexane until the bioactive content has been dissolved, then it is filtered. Part of the filtrate was concentrated with a rotary evaporator and the residue was macerated again with ethyl acetate as a solvent in the same way then studied with ethanol solvent. The content of secondary metabolites of papaya leaves was tested by conventional methods to determine the presence of secondary metabolites compounds that were accidental against Aedes aegypti larvae. The data processing used was linear regression analysis and probit analysis between the concentration of the extract and the mortality of the larvae to obtain the LC50 value of papaya leaf extract in Aedes aegypti larvae. The results of the phytochemical test showed positive steroids in the n-hexane extract, positive flavonoids in ethyl acetate extract and positive alkaloids, saponins, tannins in ethanol extract. The extract is classified as toxic if it has an LC50 <1000, The LC50 value of the papaya leaf ethanol solvent was 672,733 ppm, the LC50 value for the n-hexane solvent was 708,552 ppm, and the LC50 value for the ethyl acetate solvent was 764,406 ppm. So, it can be said that the three extracts from papaya leaves are toxic for Aedes aegypti larvae.

Actions (login required)

View Item