Analisis kriteria visibilitas hilal memanfaatkan data pengamatan ICOP (Islamic Crescent Observation Project) tahun 2020-2022

Sudrajat, Ibrahim Ikhsanulhaqq (2023) Analisis kriteria visibilitas hilal memanfaatkan data pengamatan ICOP (Islamic Crescent Observation Project) tahun 2020-2022. Sarjana thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

INDONESIA : Kriteria visibilitas hilal digunakan sebagai basis penentuan awal bulan dalam kalender Hijriah sekaligus sebagai verifikasi terhadap laporan pengamatan hilal yang teramati. Penelitian ini menggunakan data laporan pengamatan hilal yang dihimpun oleh Islamic Crescent Observation Project (ICOP) dari tahun 2020 hingga 2022 untuk menguji kriteria yang sering digunakan di Indonesia sekaligus membangun kriteria baru. Terdapat 664 laporan teramatinya hilal setelah Matahari terbenam dengan rincian 521 data diamati dengan mata telanjang, 54 data menggunakan binokular, 38 data menggunakan teleskop dan 51 data menggunakan kamera CCD. Sembilan laporan menunjukkan bahwa hilal teramati padahal mustahil menurut kriteria visibilitas yang digunakan di Indonesia. Menggunakan data ini, dibuat kriteria visibilitas hilal mengikuti saran Odeh menggunakan parameter beda tinggi Bulan-Matahari (Arcv) dan lebar hilal (W), hilal teramati jika memenuhi persamaan Arcv ≥ -3,2882W + 9,465 untuk modus mata telanjang, Arcv ≥ -3,2751W + 7,0003 untuk modus alat optik namun masih mungkin menggunakan mata telanjang, dan Arcv ≥ -3,1634W + 3,8368 untuk modus alat optik saja. Mengikuti saran RHI (Rukyatul Hilal Indonesia) menggunakan parameter beda azimuth Bulan-matahari (Daz) dan Arcv, Hilal dapat teramati jika memenuhi persamaan Daz ≥0,0074〖Arcv〗^2-0,1407Arcv+4,039. Mengikuti saran MABIMS (Menteri Agama Brunei, Indonesia Malaysia dan Singapura) hilal dapat teramati jika Arcv > 3,37º dan Elongasi (Arcl) > 4.78º. ENGLISH : New crescent Visibility Criteria is used to determine the beginning of the month in the Hijri calendar and to verify reports of observed new moons. This study uses data from Hilal observation reports compiled by the Islamic Crescent Observation Project (ICOP) from 2020 to 2022 to test criteria commonly used in Indonesia and to develop new criteria. There are 664 reports of observations of the new moon after sunset, with details of 521 data observed with the naked eye, 54 data observed with binoculars, 38 data observed with telescopes, and 51 data observed with CCD cameras. Nine reports indicated that the new moon had been observed, although this is impossible according to the visibility criteria used in Indonesia. Using these data, new crescent visibility criteria were established following Odeh's suggestion using the Moon-Sun height difference (Arcv) and hilal width (W) parameters, the new moon is observed if it satisfies the equation Arcv ≥ -3.2882W + 9.465 for naked eye, Arcv ≥ -3.2751W + 7.0003 for optical aid but it is still possible to use the naked eye, and Arcv ≥ -3.1634W + 3.8368 for optical aid only. Following RHI (Rukyatul Hilal Indonesia) suggestion using the Moon-sun azimuth difference (Daz) and Arcv parameter, the Hilal can be observed if it satisfies the Daz ≥0,0074〖Arcv〗^2-0,1407Arcv+4,039. Following the advice of MABIMS (Menteri Agama Brunei, Indonesia Malaysia dan Singapura), the new moon can be observed when Arcv > 3.3702º and elongation (Arcl) > 4.78139º.

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