Implementasi perlindungan hukum hak anak atas pendidikan berdasarkan undang-undang nomor 39 tahun 1999 tentang hak asasi manusia

Mulya, Jaya (2023) Implementasi perlindungan hukum hak anak atas pendidikan berdasarkan undang-undang nomor 39 tahun 1999 tentang hak asasi manusia. Masters thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

Bahwa hak anak atas pendidikan merupakan persoalan HAM yang sejauh ini belum mendapat pehartian yang serius dari negara. Sebagaimana berdasarkan pasal 60 ayat (1) UU No.39 Tahun 1999 tentang HAM, menegaskan “ Setiap anak berhak memperoleh pendidikan dan pengajaran dalam rangka pengembangan pribadi sesuai dengan minat, bakat dan tingkat kecerdasan.” Perubahan kurikulum pendidikan disetiap pergantian menteri pendidikan lebih diutamakan ketimbang bagaimana mewujudkan karakter pendidikan yang berbasis humanistik – karena pendidikan diharapkan dapat mencetak generasi manusia Indonesia yang adil dan beradab serta berjiwa kesadaran HAM. Aspek lemahnya perlindungan hukum pun masih menjadi persoalan yang sangat riskan bagi anak usia sekolah, munculnya kekerasan-kekerasan yang menimpa anak-anak sekolah dalam hitungan angka yang sangat tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan, Pertama; Menganalis landasan perlindungan hukum hak anak Atas Pendidikan berdasarkan UU No. 39 Tahun 1999 tentang HAM; Kedua; Menganalis bentuk perlindungan hukum hak anak atas pendidikan berdasarkan UU No. 39 Tahun 1999 Tentang HAM; dan Ketiga; Menganalis Implementasi perlindungan hukum hak anak atas pendidikan berdasarkan UU No. 39 Tahun 1999 Tentang HAM dalam kebijakan berkaitan dengan hak anak atas pendidikan. Oleh karena itu mengkaji persoalan dalam penelitian ini, maka peneliti menggunakan beberapa teori diantaranya : teori negara hukum kesejahteraan sebagai Grand Theory, HAM sebagai Midlen Theory dan teori perlindungan hukum sebagai Aplicative Theory. Penelitian ini penelitian hukum normatif, sebuah penelitian yang meneneliti literatur kepustakaan sebagai bahan/sumber datanya. Kemudian setelah sumber data terhimpun maka dilakukanlah penganalisisan data, dengan mengunakan metode analisis bersifat kualitatif, yakni sebuah analisis dengan melakukan penafsiran (intepretasi) dengan cara melakukan interpretasi (penafsiran) terhadap bahan-bahan hukum yang sudah terkumpul. Menggunakan metode intepretasi sebagai upaya untuk menafsirkan hukum sehubungan dengan permasalahan penelitian. Hasil akhir penelitian ini: pertama; landasan hukum pada perlindungan hukum hak anak atas pendidikan harus dilandaskan pada Pancasila, dan UUD NRI 1945. Kedua; bentuk perlindungan hukum hak anak atas pendidikan berupa perlindungan hukum preventif dan perlindungan hukum represif. Dan ketiga; Implementasi regulasi hak anak atas pendidikan berupa UU No. 20 Tahun 2003 tentang sisdiknas; PP No. 4 tahun 2022 tentang Standar Nasional Pendidikan; dan Perda Provinsi Jawa Barat No. 5 Tahun 2017 tentang penyelenggaraan pendidikan. Kata Kunci: Politik Hukum, HAM dan Hak Anak Atas Pendidikan ABSTRACT JAYA MULYA, "IMPLEMENTATION OF LEGAL PROTECTION OF CHILDREN'S RIGHTS TO EDUCATION BASED ON LAW NUMBER 39 OF 1999 CONCERNING HUMAN RIGHTS", That children's right to education is a human rights issue which so far has not received serious attention from the state. As based on article 60 paragraph (1) of Law No. 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights, it is stated that "Every child has the right to receive education and teaching in the context of personal development in accordance with their interests, talents and level of intelligence." Changes in the education curriculum with each change of minister of education take priority over realizing a humanistic-based character of education - because education is expected to produce a generation of Indonesian people who are just and civilized and have an awareness of human rights. The aspect of weak legal protection is still a very risky problem for school age children, the emergence of violence that befalls school children in very high numbers. This research aims, First; Analyzing the basis for legal protection of children's rights to education based on Law no. 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights; Second; Analyze the forms of legal protection for children's rights to education based on Law no. 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights; and Third; Analyzing the implementation of legal protection for children's rights to education based on Law no. 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights in policies relating to children's rights to education. Therefore, to examine the issues in this research, the researcher used several theories including: welfare state theory as Grand Theory, Human Rights as Middle Theory and legal protection theory as Applicative Theory. This research is normative legal research, a research that examines library literature as material/source of data. Then, after the data sources have been collected, data analysis is carried out using qualitative analysis methods, namely an analysis by interpreting the legal materials that have been collected. Using the interpretation method as an effort to interpret the law in relation to research problems. The final results of this research: first; The legal basis for the legal protection of children's rights to education must be based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Second; forms of legal protection for children's rights to education in the form of preventive legal protection and repressive legal protection. And third; Implementation of regulations on children's rights to education in the form of Law no. 20 of 2003 concerning the national education system; PP No. 4 of 2022 concerning National Education Standards; and West Java Province Regional Regulation no. 5 of 2017 concerning the implementation of education. Keywords: Legal Politics, Human Rights and Children's Rights to Education

Item Type: Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Politik Hukum; HAM; Hak Anak Atas Pendidikan.
Subjects: Law > Organization and Management of Law
Constitutional and Administrative Law > Constitutional Law of Indonesia
Divisions: Pascasarjana Program Magister > Program Studi Ilmu Hukum
Depositing User: jaya mulya
Date Deposited: 15 Dec 2023 02:55
Last Modified: 15 Dec 2023 02:55
URI: https://digilib.uinsgd.ac.id/id/eprint/83242

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