Respon viabilitas benih kakao (Theobroma Cacao L .) var. DRC 15 terhadap konsentrasi dan lama perendaman giberelin (GA3)

Sonjaya, Rizki Rahmat (2023) Respon viabilitas benih kakao (Theobroma Cacao L .) var. DRC 15 terhadap konsentrasi dan lama perendaman giberelin (GA3). Sarjana thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati.

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Abstract

INDONESIA : Tanaman kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) memiliki peran strategis dalam perekonomian Indonesia, khususnya melalui perkebunan rakyat. Namun, produktivitas perkebunan kakao rakyat menghadapi tantangan, seperti tanaman yang sudah tua, kurang produktif, pemahaman budidaya yang rendah, dan masalah kualitas bibit yang kurang memadai. Salah satu solusi yang diusulkan adalah penggunaan varietas DRC 15 yang unggul serta penerapan perlakuan konsentrasi dan lama perendaman GA3 untuk meningkatkan viabilitas benih dan pertumbuhan benih. Upaya ini diharapkan dapat mendukung peningkatan kualitas bibit kakao yang akan berkontribusi pada pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional melalui sektor perkebunan kakao. Percobaan dilakukan di Balai Pengembangan dan Produksi Benih Perkebunan (BPPBP) Jawa Barat. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini, yaitu Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 2 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan pertama, yaitu: Pemberian konsentrasi GA3 = Tanpa konsentrasi GA3 (g0), konsentrasi GA3 20 ppm (g1), konsentrasi GA3 40 ppm (g2), konsentrasi GA3 60 ppm (g3). Perlakuan kedua yaitu: Lama perendaman = lama perendaman 2 jam (a1), lama perendaman 4 jam (a2), lama perendaman 6 jam (a3). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat interaksi pada pemberian konsentrasi dan lama perendaman GA3 terhadap semua parameter penelitian. Pemberian konsentrasi GA3 sebesar 20 ppm efektif dalam meningkatkan diameter batang. Selain itu, lama perendaman selama 4 jam efektif dalam meningkatkan daya tumbuh dan panjang akar tanaman kakao varietas DRC 15. ENGLISH : Cocoa plants (Theobroma cacao L.) play a strategic role in Indonesia's economy, particularly through smallholder plantations. However, the productivity of smallholder cocoa plantations faces challenges such as aging unproductive plants, low cultivation knowledge, and issues with inadequate seed quality. One proposed solution is the use of the superior DRC 15 cocoa variety along with the application of concentration and priming GA3 treatments to enhance seed viability and seedling growth. These efforts are expected to support the improvement of cocoa seedling quality, contributing to the national economy's growth through the cocoa plantation sector. The experiment was conducted at the Plantation Seed Development and Production Center (BPPBP) in West Java. The research employed a Randomized Complete Block Design with two treatments and three replications. The first treatment involved Gibberellic Acid (GA3) concentrations: No GA3 concentration (g0), GA3 concentration of 20 ppm (g1), GA3 concentration of 40 ppm (g2), and GA3 concentration of 60 ppm (g3). The second treatment focused on soaking duration: 2 hours of priming (a1), 4 hours of priming (a2), and 6 hours of priming (a3). The research results indicate that there was no interaction between the application of concentration and priming GA3 on all research parameters. The application of 20 ppm GA3 concentration was effective in increasing stem diameter. Additionally, priming for 4 hours proved to be effective in enhancing the growth capacity and root length of the DRC 15 cocoa plant variety.

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