Illocutionary Acts and Impoliteness Strategies of Hate Speech on Selena Gomez's Instagram Comments

Mutiah, Neng Tia (2024) Illocutionary Acts and Impoliteness Strategies of Hate Speech on Selena Gomez's Instagram Comments. Sarjana thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

This thesis examines the hate speech in Selena Gomez's Instagram comments. There are two aims of this thesis. The first one is to find out the types of illocutionary and the types of hate speech acts in Selena Gomez's Instagram comments. The second one is to analyze the impoliteness strategies on hate speech in Selena Gomez's Instagram comments. This research was conducted using the qualitative descriptive method. The data source of this research was taken from the utterances in Selena Gomez's Instagram comments on a photo posted on Saturday, April 15, 2023. To analyze the data, the author employs three theories; Searle in Yule's (1996) theory about five types of illocutionary acts, Mondal, et al's (2017) theory about types of hate speech, and Culpeper's (1996) theory about impoliteness strategies. Based on 67 data found, the results of the study are as follows: First, the most common type of illocutionary acts is expressive speech act. This is because the motivation for someone to commit an act of hate speech is to express their hatred towards someone or something. There was no data of illocutionary acts related to the commissive and declarations speech act. This is because the utterances in Instagram comments are not direct conversation with two-way communication and the utterances conveyed by netizens cannot change someone's condition or status. Second, the most dominant type of hate speech is behavior. It happens because the motive of the hate speech received by Selena Gomez is due to her "behavior". There was no data of hate speech related to race, sexual orientation, and ethnicity. This is due to those categories cannot be used as an identity to attacks Selena Gomez. Her race is white, her sexual orientation is straight, and her ethnicity is American. Third, negative impoliteness is the most dominant of impoliteness strategy. This is because the negative impoliteness strategy is carried out with various outputs that support the expression of hate speech. There was no data of impoliteness strategy in withhold impoliteness category. This strategy is only applicable in direct communication that occurs face-to-face, where the data of this study is not utterances from direct communication.

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