Presuppositions and entailments found in Jay Shetty's podcast with Tom Holland

Arsy, Annisa (2024) Presuppositions and entailments found in Jay Shetty's podcast with Tom Holland. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

This study aims to identify the types and functions of presuppositions and entailments in the Jay Shetty podcast with Tom Holland. It was found that many utterances in the podcast contain presuppositions and entailments. Presupposition is assumption about the background of an utterance based on its context, while entailment is logical relationship between two propositions. Presupposition arises when someone makes a statement, but they are not always true. Therefore, entailment is needed to determine the truth of these assumptions. The researcher formulated two research questions: 1. What are the types of presupposition and entailment in the Jay Shetty’s podcast with Tom Holland? 2. How do the functions of presupposition and entailment in the Jay Shetty’s podcast with Tom Holland? To answer these questions, the researcher uses Yule's (1996) theory of presupposition and Griffith's (2006) theory of entailment. The study employed a mixed-methods approach and linguistic corpus analysis. Data were collected based on findings from the transcript, categorized by types of presupposition and entailment, analyzed to determine their functions, and concluded. The result shows that out of 1657 presupposition data, there are 1429 existential type as the most used type that caused by the many utterances mention definite noun phrases, possessive adjectives, and proper names. Then followed by 77 structural type that contains interrogative sentences and 75 factive type that contains factive verbs. Then, there are 40 lexical type that shows something that used to happen in the past but it still continue in the present, 20 non-factive type that shows something related to dream and hope, and 14 counterfactual type as the least used since it shows utterances that opposites from the fact. For entailment, out of 64 data points, 55 are one-way type and 9 are two-way type. The difference to the total data of the types and functions of presupposition caused by the difference of data collecting, which caused there are only 723 data of functions of presupposition. It includes 143 data that functions for conciseness, 140 data that functions for enlargement, 140 data that functions for persuasion, 133 data that functions for interestingness, 65 data that functions for self-protection, 49 data that functions for emphasis, 43 data that functions for concealment, and 9 data that functions for euphemism. The functions of entailment include 33 data that mark the main assumption and 31 data that predict the truth value.

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