Konsep Pajak dalam perspektif Islam : Kajian analisis kritik Hadis tentang Pajak

Juanda, Jujun (2024) Konsep Pajak dalam perspektif Islam : Kajian analisis kritik Hadis tentang Pajak. Masters thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati.

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Abstract

This thesis examines the hadiths related to the concept taxation in Islam through a critical hadith analysis approach. The focus of the research is primarily to evaluate the authenticity, validity, and interpretation of these hadiths within the context of classical and contemporary Islamic socio-economic frameworks. Employing a qualitative methodology with an approach rooted in the science of hadith criticism ('ulum al-hadith), this study investigates various hadith compilations, commentaries (sharh), and fiqh literature to obtain a comprehensive understanding. The findings reveal variations in the quality and authenticity of these hadiths, with some classified as sahih (authentic), hasan (good), or da'if (weak). Analysis of both isnad (chain of narrators) and matn (text) demonstrates that while some hadiths possess strong transmission chains, others exhibit weaknesses. Contextual interpretation indicates that these threats were primarily directed at unjust tax collection practices or those contradicting Islamic principles, rather than the concept of taxation as a whole. This research also explores the implications of these hadiths for taxation systems in modern Islamic states and the challenges in harmonizing classical understanding with contemporary fiscal needs. Fiqh analysis reveals divergent opinions among scholars regarding the interpretation and application of these hadiths in modern contexts. The conclusion of the study is that by emphasizing the importance of a contextual understanding of these hadiths, considering maqasid al-shariah (objectives of Islamic law) and contemporary socio-economic realities. This research contributes to developing a more nuanced discourse on Islamic taxation ethics and provides a foundation for formulating fiscal policies aligned with Shariah principles and social justice.

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