Social deixis in documentary series Formula 1: Drive to Survive Season 4

Plara, Irena Dwitori (2025) Social deixis in documentary series Formula 1: Drive to Survive Season 4. Sarjana thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djai Bandung.

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Abstract

In the high-pressure and competitive world of Formula 1 racing, communication plays an important role in shaping team dynamics and public perception. The documentary series Formula 1: Drive to Survive Season 4 provides an in-depth look at how language is used to reflects and constructs social relationships among drivers, teams, and support staff. Therefore, analyzing the use of social deixis in this documentary is relevant to understanding how language creates closeness, social distance, and represents hierarchy in a competitive environment. This research aims to answer three main questions: 1) What are the types of social deixis found in the documentary series Formula 1: Drive to Survive Season 4? 2) What are the functions of social deixis in the documentary series Formula 1: Drive to Survive Season 4? 3) How does social deixis influence interaction among individuals in the documentary series Formula 1: Drive to Survive Season 4? This research uses theories proposed by Levinson (1998) and Cruse (2006), and employs a qualitative method. The findings show that six types of social deixis are used in the documentary series. First, in relational deixis, there are four types: speaker and referent, speaker and addressee, speaker and bystander, and speaker and setting. Second, in absolute deixis, there are two types: authorized speaker and authorized recipient. Furthermore, the second finding reveals that four functions of social deixis appear in conversations, including social status differentiation, politeness, social identity, and closeness. Lastly, the third finding indicates that three factors influence the use of social deixis, namely social status, intimacy, and formality/informality. Based on the findings of this research, each type of social deixis contributes to shaping the audience’s perception of personal and interpersonal relationships, as well as the social hierarchy between individuals in a speech event. Then, the functions of social deixis emphasize that language plays a role in identifying identity and social class, maintaining communication ethics, and shaping perceptions of emotional distance in interactions between speakers. In addition, each factor found shows that it can influence how individuals interact in a speech event.

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