Manajemen santri berkebutuhan khusus di Pesantren Inklusif: Studi kasus di Pondok Pesantren Arafah Cililin Kabupaten Bandung Barat

Sapari, Abdul Hapid (2020) Manajemen santri berkebutuhan khusus di Pesantren Inklusif: Studi kasus di Pondok Pesantren Arafah Cililin Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Masters thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

INDONESIA : Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi bahwa Pondok Pesantren Arafah, Cililin, Kabupaten Bandung Barat bukan hanya menjalankan fungsi pesantren yang mengajarkan ilmu keagamaan dan moral dengan corak ke-Islaman tetapi juga menjadi pesantren sosial sekaligus tempat rehabilitasi santri berkebutuhan khusus. Disebut pesantren sosial, karena Arafah menjalankan pelayanan pendidikan kepada santri dengan latar belakang beragam seperti dari kalangan tidak mampu dan anak jalanan. Disisi lain, Arafah juga menyelenggarakan pelayanan pendidikan inklusif bagi santri berkebutuhan khusus yang dimana hal ini masih jarang ditemui di lapangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah : 1) Menganalisis pola manajemen santri di Pondok Pesantren Arafah; 2) Memahami pelayanan santri berkebutuhan khusus di Pondok Pesantren Arafah; 3) Mengetahui hasil yang dicapai oleh pesantren dalam meningkatkan pembinaan santri berkebutuhan khusus, dan 4) Memberikan stimulus kepada lembaga khususnya pesantren dalam meningkatkan pelayanan terhadap santri berkebutuhan khusus. Kerangka pemikiran dalam penelitian ini didasarkan pada pemikiran J.David Smith yang dijabarkan oleh Dedy Kustawan bahwa anak berkebutuhan khusus memiliki hak untuk mengembangkan potensi serta mendapat pengakuan sebagaimana anak normal lainnya. Pendidikan inklusif adalah suatu perwujudan hak tersebut karena anak berkebutuhan khusus dapat berinteraksi dengan lingkungan serta memperoleh perlakuan yang sama dari lembaga tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif lewat pendekatan studi kasus. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumentasi. Adapun penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Pondok Pesantren Arafah, Cililin, Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Sedangkan teknik analisisnya menggunakan telaah data, unitisasi data, dan kategorisasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : 1) Manajemen santri di Pondok Pesantren Arafah berjalan normal dan terencana meski tidak menerapkan unsur-unsur pengelolaan santri secara keseluruhan; 2) Manajemen pelayanan santri berkebutuhan khusus berangkat dari keinginan pesantren untuk membuka kesempatan bagi semua kalangan termasuk para penyandang kebutuhan khusus untuk menimba ilmu agama; 3) Program pelayanan pendidikan Pondok Pesantren Arafah untuk santri berkebutuhan khusus mengacu pada satu kata yang sekaligus mendasari pola pembelajaran SBK yakni pembiasaan; 4) Para santri berkebutuhan khusus diberikan pengetahuan keislaman serta keterampilan untuk hidup mandiri; 5) Peningkatan pelayanan pendidikan santri berkebutuhan khusus diperlukan terutama dalam hal pembinaan/pendampingan, sarana prasana, kurikulum, dan penilaian atau evaluasi. ENGLISH : This research is motivated by the fact that the Arafah Islamic Boarding School, Cililin, West Bandung Regency not only carries out the function of an Islamic boarding school which teaches religious and moral sciences but also becomes a social Islamic boarding school as well as a place for the rehabilitation of students with special needs. It is called a social pesantren, because Arafah provides educational services to students with diverse backgrounds such as those from the underprivileged and street children. On the other hand, Arafah also provides inclusive education services for santri with special needs, which are rarely found in the field. The purpose of this research are: 1) Analyze the management patterns of the students at Arafah Islamic Boarding School; 2) Understand the services of students with special needs at Arafah Boarding School; 3) Knowing the results achieved by the Islamic Boarding School in improving the guidance of students with special needs, and 4) Providing a stimulus to institutions, especially Islamic Boarding School, in improving services to students with special needs. The framework in this study is based on the thinking of J. David Smith described by Dedy Kustawan that children with special needs have the right to develop their potential and receive recognition as other normal children. Inclusive education is a manifestation of this right because children with special needs can interact with the environment and get the same treatment from these institutions. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method through a case study approach. Collecting data using observation techniques, interviews, and study documentation. The research was conducted at the Arafah Islamic Boarding School, Cililin, West Bandung Regency. Meanwhile, the analysis technique uses data analysis, data unitization, and data categorization. The results showed that: 1) The management of the student at Arafah Islamic Boarding School was running normally and planned even though it did not apply the elements of overall students management; 2) Management of services for students with special needs departs from the desire of the pesantren to open opportunities for all groups including people with special needs to gain religious knowledge; 3) The Arafah Islamic Boarding School education service program for student with special needs refers to one word which also underlies the SBK learning pattern, namely habituation; 4) The students with special needs are given Islamic knowledge and skills to live independently; 5) Improving education services for students with special needs is needed, especially in terms of coaching/ mentoring, infrastructure, curriculum, and assessment or evaluation. ARABIC: اىذافغ ٗساء ٕزا اىجحث ٕ٘ حقٞقخ أُ ٍذسصخ ػشفخ اىذاخيٞخ اإلصالٍٞخ ، صٞيِٞ ،ٗٝ ضذ ثبّذّٗغ سٝدْضٜ ال رقً٘ فقظ ث٘ظٞفخ ٍذسصخ داخيٞخ إصالٍٞخ رذسس اىؼيً٘ اىذْٝٞخٗ األخالقٞخ ، ثو رصجح أٝ ًضب ٍذسصخ اخزَبػٞخ ٗمزىل ٍنبًّب إلػبدح رإٔٞو اىطالة رٗٛ االحزٞبخبد اىخبصخ .ٝطيق ػيٞٔ اىَؼٖذ االصالٍٞخ االخزَبػٞخ ، ألُ ػشفخ رقذً خذٍبد رؼيَٞٞخ ىيطالة رٗٛ اىخيفٞبد اىَزْ٘ػخ ٍثو أٗىئل اىزِٝ ٌٕ ٍِ اىَحشٍِٗٞ ٗأطفبه اىش٘اسع .ٍِ ّبحٞخ أخشٙ ، رقذً ػشفخ أٝ ًضب خذٍبد رؼيَٞٞخ شبٍيخ ىضْزشٛ ٍِ رٗٛ االحزٞبخبد اىخبصخ ، ٗاىزٜ ّبد ًسا ٍب ر٘خذ فٜ ٕزا اىَدبه. إٔذاف ٕزٓ اىذساصخ ٕٜ :١) رحيٞو أَّبط إداسح اىضبّزشٛ فٜ ثّ٘ذٗك ثٞضبّزشِٝ. 2) اىزؼشف ػيٚ خذٍبد صْطشٛ ىزٗٛ االحزٞبخبد اىخبصخ فٜ ٍذسصخ ػشفخ اإلصالٍٞخ اىذاخيٞخ .٣ٍ) ؼشفخ اىْزبئح اىزٜ حققٖب اىجٞزاّزشِٝ فٜ رحضِٞ رَْٞخ صبّزشٛ ىزٗٛ االحزٞبخبد اىخبصخ .٤) ر٘فٞش حبفز ىيَؤصضبد ٗخبصخ اىَذاسس اىفيضطْٞٞخ فٜ رحضِٞ اىخذٍبد اىَقذٍخ ىيطالة رٗٛ االحزٞبخبد اىخبصخ. ٝضزْذ إطبس اىؼَو فٜ ٕزٓ اىذساصخ إىٚ رفنٞش ج.دفٞذصَزٔ اىزٜ ٗصفٖب دٝذٙ مضز٘اُ ثأُ األطفبه رٗٛ االحزٞبخبد اىخبصخ ىٌٖ اىحق فٜ رط٘ٝش إٍنبّبرٌٖ ٗاىحص٘ه ػيٚ االػزشاف ٍثو األطفبه اىؼبدِٝٞ اٟخشِٝ .اىزؼيٌٞ اىشبٍو ٕ٘ ٍظٖش ٍِ ٍظبٕش ٕزا اىحق ألُ األطفبه رٗٛ االحزٞبخبد اىخبصخ َٝنٌْٖ اىزفبػو ٍغ اىجٞئخ ٗاىحص٘ه ػيٚ ّفش اىَؼبٍيخ ٍِٕ زٓ اىَؤصضبد.ٝ ضزخذً ٕزا اىجحث اىَْٖح اىْ٘ػٜ ٍغ اىَْٖح اى٘صفٜ ٍِ خاله ٍْٖح دساصخ اىحبىخ . خَغ اىجٞبّبد ثبصزخذاً رقْٞبد اىَالحظخ ٗاىَقبثالد ٗر٘ثٞق اىذساصخ .رٌ إخشاء اىجحث فٍٜ ذسصخ ػشفخ اإلصالٍٞخ اىذاخيٞخ ، صٞيِٞ ، ٗٝضذ ثبّذّٗغ سٝدْضٜ .ٗفٜ اى٘قذ ّفضٔ ، رضزخذً رقْٞخ اىزحيٞو رحيٞو اىجٞبّبد ٗر٘حٞذ اىجٞبّبد ٗرصْٞف اىجٞبّبد. أظٖشد اىْزبئح ٍب ٝيٜ :١) مبّذ إداسح صبّزشٛ فٜ ثّ٘ذٗك ثٞضبّزشِٝ ػشفخ رؼَو ثشنو طجٞؼٜ ٍٗخطظ ىٖب ػيٚ اىشغٌ ٍِ أّٖب ىٌ رطجق ػْبصش اإلداسح اىشبٍيخ .٢) إداسح خذٍبد صبّزشٛ ىزٗٛ االحزٞبخبد اىخبصخ رخشج ػِ سغجخ اىجٞزاّزشِٝ فٜ فزح اىفشص أٍبً خَٞغ اىفئبد ثَب فٜ رىل رٗٛ االحزٞبخبد اىخبصخ المزضبة اىَؼشفخ اىذْٝٞخ ٣ٝ)شٞش ثشّبٍح اىخذٍخ اىزشث٘ٝخ ىَذسصخ ػشفخ اإلصالٍٞخ اىذاخيٞخ ىزٗٛ االحزٞبخبد اىخبصخ إىٚ ميَخ ٗاحذح رنَِ ٗساء َّظ اىزؼيٌ اىطالة رٗٙ اىحدذ ، ٕٜٗ اىزؼ٘د ؛ ٤ إػطبء اىطالة رٗٛ االحزٞبخبد اىخبصخ اىَؼشفخ ٗاىَٖبساد اإلصالٍٞخ ىيؼٞش ثشنو ٍضزقو .٥ْٕ) بك حبخخ إىٚ رحضِٞ اىخذٍبد اىزؼيَٞٞخ ىيطالة رٗٛ االحزٞبخبد اىخبصخ ، ال صَٞب ٍِ حٞث اىزذسٝت / اىز٘خٞٔ ٗاىجْٞخ اىزحزٞخ ٗاىَْبٕح اىذساصٞخ ٗاىزقٌٞٞ أٗ اىزقٌٞٞ.

Item Type: Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Manajemen; Santri Berkebutuhan Khusus; Pesantren
Subjects: Islam > Islamic Religious Education
Divisions: Pascasarjana Program Magister > Program Studi Manajemen Pendidikan Islam
Depositing User: Abdul Hapid Sapari
Date Deposited: 16 Oct 2020 08:08
Last Modified: 27 Jan 2022 07:28
URI: https://etheses.uinsgd.ac.id/id/eprint/34286

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