Konsep tazkiyatun-nafs dan implikasinya dalam konseling sufistik melalui bimbingan akhlak: Analisis isi pemikiran Imam Al-Ghazali dalam buku Ihya ‘Ulumuddin

Nurzaman, Muhamad Rizal (2024) Konsep tazkiyatun-nafs dan implikasinya dalam konseling sufistik melalui bimbingan akhlak: Analisis isi pemikiran Imam Al-Ghazali dalam buku Ihya ‘Ulumuddin. Masters thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

INDONESIA: Krisis moral dan spiritual memicu timbulnya degradasi akhlak pada manusia zaman sekarang yang mengarahkan seorang konselor untuk mencari pendekatan yang lebih holistik tidak hanya membahas secara perilaku saja namun sampai ke titik terdalam aspek manusia yaitu jiwa (nafs). Maka, pemikiran Al-Ghazali tentang penyucian jiwa yang berfokus pada akhlak semakin relevan. Pendekatannya yang holistik, yang menggabungkan aspek kognitif, emosional, dan spiritual, menawarkan solusi yang komprehensif untuk mengatasi permasalahan moral yang kompleks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan konsep tazkiyatunnafs dalam buku Ihya Ulumuddin karya Imam Al-Ghazali dan mensimulasi implikasi dari konsep tazkiyatunnafs jika diterapkan dalam Konseling Sufistik yang berfokus pada bimbingan akhlak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan pendekatan studi kepustakaan (library research), Observasi, dan Analisis isi (content analisis) terhadap pesan Bimbingan Keluarga di dalam buku yang berfokus pada analisis data secara kualitatif. Paradigma penelitian ini dibangun dengan grand theory tazkiyatunnafs, konseling sufistik dan bimbingan akhlak. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa konsep tazkiyatunnafs perspektif Imam Al-Ghazali berfokus pada pembinaan akhlak yang berorientasi mujahadah dan riyadhoh. Tahapan dari tazkiyatunnafs yang diusung oleh beliau terdiri dari tiga tahap yaitu takhalli (menyucikan diri dari sifat-sifat tercela, self awareness), tahalli (mengisi jiwa dengan sifat-sifat terpuji, self identification) dan tajalli (penampakan tuhan dalam diri manusia melalui cerminan sifat ilahiyah dalam diri manusia, self development). Dan Implikasi dari tazkiyatunnafs dalam konseling sufistik ditemukan beberapa metode yang dapat diterapkan diantaranya muhasabah: Proses introspeksi diri untuk mengevaluasi tindakan dan pikiran. Dengan muhasabah, seseorang dapat mengidentifikasi kelemahan dan kekuatan dirinya, serta kesalahan yang telah dilakukan. Muraqabah yaitu proses pengawasan diri secara terus-menerus untuk mencegah munculnya sifat-sifat tercela dan menumbuhkan sifat-sifat terpuji. Dzikir yaitu pengulangan kalimat-kalimat zikir untuk menenangkan hati, memfokuskan pikiran pada Allah, dan meningkatkan keimanan. Tadabbur yaitu proses merenungkan ayat-ayat Al-Qur'an dan memahami makna yang terkandung di dalamnya. Wara' yaitu menjauhkan diri dari segala sesuatu yang dapat merusak hati dan iman. Sabar yaitu menahan diri dari mengeluh dan marah dalam menghadapi cobaan. Dan syukur yaitu menyadari nikmat Allah dan bersyukur atas segala karunia-Nya. ENGLISH: The moral and spiritual crisis has triggered a degradation of human morals in modern times, leading counselors to seek a more holistic approach that not only addresses behavior but also delves into the deepest aspect of human beings, namely the soul (nafs). Therefore, Al-Ghazali's thoughts on soul purification, which focus on morals, are increasingly relevant. His holistic approach, which combines cognitive, emotional, and spiritual aspects, offers a comprehensive solution to address complex moral problems. This study aims to formulate the concept of tazkiyatunnafs in Imam Al-Ghazali's book Ihya Ulumuddin and to simulate the implications of the concept of tazkiyatunnafs if applied in Sufi counseling that focuses on moral guidance. This research uses a qualitative method, with data collection techniques using a literature study approach (library research), observation, and content analysis of guidance messages in the book that focuses on qualitative data analysis. The research paradigm is built with the grand theory of tazkiyatunnafs, Sufi counseling, and moral guidance. Based on the research results, it is concluded that the concept of tazkiyatunnafs from the perspective of Imam Al-Ghazali focuses on moral development that is oriented towards mujahadah and riyadhoh. The stages of tazkiyatunnafs proposed by him consist of three stages, namely takhalli (purifying oneself from bad character, self-awareness), tahalli (filling the soul with good character, self-identification), and tajalli (the manifestation of God in the human self through the reflection of divine attributes in the human self, self-development). And the implications of tazkiyatunnafs as Islamic guidance and counseling are that in Sufi counseling, And the implications of tazkiyatunnafs in Sufi counseling, several methods can be applied, including muhasabah: a process of self-introspection to evaluate one's actions and thoughts. With muhasabah, a person can identify their weaknesses and strengths, as well as the mistakes they have made. Muraqabah is the process of constant self-monitoring to prevent the emergence of negative traits and cultivate positive traits. Dzikr is the repetition of dhikr phrases to calm the heart, focus the mind on Allah, and increase faith. Tadabbur is the process of pondering the verses of the Qur'an and understanding the meaning contained therein. Wara' is to distance oneself from anything that can corrupt the heart and faith. Sabar is to restrain oneself from complaining and anger in the face of trials. And gratitude is realizing Allah's blessings and being grateful for all His gifts.

Item Type: Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Tazkiyatunnafs, Konseling Sufistik; dan Bimbingan Akhlak.
Subjects: Philosopy and Psychology
Differential and Developmental Psychology > Individual Psychology, Characters
Differential and Developmental Psychology > Character Development
Differential and Developmental Psychology > Child Psychology
Differential and Developmental Psychology > Psychology of Adults
Applied Psychology
Applied Psychology > Counseling and Interviewing
Islam > Sufism
Islam > Sufi Theology
Islam > Sufi Ethics
Islam > Sufi Orders
Education > Psychology of Education
Divisions: Pascasarjana Program Magister > Program Studi Bimbingan Konseling Islam
Depositing User: Mr Muhamad Rizal Nurzaman
Date Deposited: 04 Nov 2024 08:21
Last Modified: 04 Nov 2024 08:21
URI: https://digilib.uinsgd.ac.id/id/eprint/101129

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