The use of smartphone-based digital flashcard versus printed flashcard to improve EFL students' academic vocabulary mastery: quasi-experimental study on 7th grade at SMPN 8 Bandung

Khasanah, Divanny Nur (2025) The use of smartphone-based digital flashcard versus printed flashcard to improve EFL students' academic vocabulary mastery: quasi-experimental study on 7th grade at SMPN 8 Bandung. Sarjana thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

Vocabulary is crucial in English language learning because it supports listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills. Many EFL learners in Indonesia struggle with vocabulary due to limited exposure to English and still rely on grammar-translation methods. To address this, teachers use innovative media such as flashcards, particularly digital flashcards on smartphones. This study aims to investigate whether there is a significant difference in vocabulary mastery between students taught using smartphone-based digital flashcards and those taught using printed flashcards. This study used a quasi-experimental design with two classes of seventh-grade students at SMPN 8 Bandung, consisting of 67 participants divided into an experimental and a control group. The experimental class was taught using digital flashcards via the Quizlet app, while the control class used printed flashcards. Data were collected through pre- and post-tests and analyzed using statistical methods, including independent-samples t-tests. The findings showed that students in the experimental group achieved higher post-test scores compared to those in the control group. The results of an independent t-test showed no significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.05), indicating that both methods had a positive effect on students' vocabulary mastery. Furthermore, digital flashcards provide additional benefits such as flexible learning, spaced repetition, and increased motivation, which contribute to better learning outcomes. This study concluded that both digital and printed flashcards are equally effective in improving students' vocabulary mastery. Digital flashcards offer several advantages, such as flexible learning, repeated practice, and increased motivation, which contribute to better learning outcomes. Therefore, both digital and printed flashcards can be considered useful and practical tools to support vocabulary learning in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms.

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