Disparitas putusan tentang izin poligami : Analisis perbandingan putusan horizontal di pengadilan agama Bandung

Wardani, Elfiana Fitri Wardani (2026) Disparitas putusan tentang izin poligami : Analisis perbandingan putusan horizontal di pengadilan agama Bandung. Disparitas Putusan tentang Izin Poligami (Analisis Perbandingan Putusan Horizontal di Pengadilan Agama Bandung), 7 (3). ISSN 27471403

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Abstract

INDONESIA: Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya disparitas putusan dalam perkara izin poligami pada Putusan Pengadilan Agama Bandung Nomor 3107/Pdt.G/2025/PA.Badg dan Putusan Nomor 3144/Pdt.G/2025/PA.Badg, meskipun kedua perkara memiliki alasan permohonan yang relatif serupa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pertimbangan hukum hakim, mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yuridis penyebab disparitas putusan, serta menelaahnya dalam perspektif hukum keluarga Islam dan hukum positif Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori penafsiran hukum, teori disparitas putusan, dan teori hukum progresif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitis dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif melalui kajian terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan, putusan pengadilan, dan bahan hukum lainnya yang relevan. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi kepustakaan dan studi dokumentasi, sedangkan analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif dan interpretatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa disparitas putusan dipengaruhi oleh perbedaan penafsiran hakim terhadap Pasal 4 ayat (2) dan Pasal 5 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974, perbedaan penggunaan Kompilasi Hukum Islam dalam pertimbangan hukum, serta perbedaan pendekatan antara penafsiran limitatif dan non-limitatif. Putusan pertama menggunakan pendekatan legal-positivistik, sedangkan putusan kedua menggunakan pendekatan progresif dengan mempertimbangkan kemaslahatan dan pencegahan mafsadat. Disparitas tersebut berdampak pada kepastian hukum dan konsistensi putusan dalam praktik peradilan agama. INGGRIS: This study is motivated by the existence of judicial disparity in polygamy permit cases, particularly in Decision Number 3107/Pdt.G/2025/PA.Badg and Decision Number 3144/Pdt.G/2025/PA.Badg, despite having relatively similar grounds for application. This research aims to analyze the judges’ legal reasoning in both decisions, identify the juridical factors causing the disparity, and examine them from the perspective of Islamic family law and Indonesian positive law. The method used is normative legal research with a qualitative approach he method used is normative legal research with a qualitative approach using the analysis of primary and secondary legal materials. The results show that the disparity is caused by differences in the interpretation of Article 4 paragraph (2) and Article 5 paragraph (1) of Law Number 1 of 1974, differences in the position of the Compilation of Islamic Law in judicial reasoning, and the absence of clear guidelines regarding the recognition of reasons beyond normative provisions. The first decision applies a limitative approach, resulting in the application being declared inadmissible, while the second decision adopts a non-limitative approach by considering public interest (maslahah) and the prevention of adultery, leading to the approval of the application. This disparity reflects the tension between normative and contextual approaches in religious court practices, which ultimately affects legal certainty and consistency in judicial decisions.

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