Memaknai ulang Mayam : Kontruksi makna religius sebuah tradisi dalam pusaran perubahan sosial di Banda Aceh

Anggraini, Gebrina Liya (2026) Memaknai ulang Mayam : Kontruksi makna religius sebuah tradisi dalam pusaran perubahan sosial di Banda Aceh. Sarjana thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

INDONESIA : Tradisi Mayam merupakan mahar dalam tardisi adat Aceh dan merupakan salah satu unsur penting dalam pernikahan adat Aceh yang diwujudkan dalam bentuk emas. Dalam masyarakat Banda Aceh, Mayam tidak hanya dipahami sebagai kewajiban dalam pernikahan, tetapi juga mengandung makna sosial, budaya, dan religius yang berkaitan dengan penghormatan terhadap keluarga, penghormatan terhadap perempuan, serta identitas budaya masyarakat Aceh. Di tengah perubahan sosial, modernisasi, dan perkembangan ekonomi masyarakat, praktik Mayam terus mengalami penyesuaian tanpa kehilangan eksistensinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konstruksi sosial tradisi Mayam sebagai realitas ajaran Islam dalam masyarakat Banda Aceh, menjelaskan peran narasi dan otoritas keagamaan dalam melegitimasi keberlangsungan tradisi tersebut, serta mengkaji proses negosiasi makna dan praktik Mayam antara generasi tua dan generasi muda. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan sosiologis agama. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi di Gampong Ie Masen Kayee Adang, Kecamatan Syiah Kuala, Kota Banda Aceh. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman dengan tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan yang bersifat induktif. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori konstruksi sosial Peter L. Berger dan teori habitus serta modal simbolik Pierre Bourdieu sebagai pisau analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tradisi Mayam dikonstruksi melalui proses eksternalisasi, objektivasi, dan internalisasi sehingga diterima sebagai realitas sosial yang sah dalam kehidupan masyarakat Aceh. Mayam dimaknai sebagai simbol penghormatan terhadap perempuan, bentuk keseriusan laki-laki, tanggung jawab dalam membangun rumah tangga, serta identitas budaya masyarakat Aceh. Keberlangsungan tradisi ini memperoleh legitimasi melalui narasi keagamaan yang menempatkan Mayam sebagai bentuk pelaksanaan mahar dalam Islam yang dipadukan dengan budaya lokal, didukung oleh peran tokoh agama dan tokoh adat. Sementara itu, negosiasi makna dan praktik Mayam terjadi antara generasi tua yang mempertahankan nilai-nilai tradisional dan generasi muda yang menghendaki penyesuaian dengan kondisi ekonomi serta kebutuhan kehidupan modern. Negosiasi tersebut menghasilkan bentuk kompromi yang memungkinkan tradisi Mayam tetap dipertahankan sekaligus beradaptasi dengan perubahan sosial yang terjadi. Kata Kunci: Konstruksi sosial, Mayam, Modal simbolik, Peter L. Berger, Pierre Bourdieu, Tradisi pernikahan Aceh. ENGLISH : The Mayam tradition is a dowry in Acehnese customs and is a crucial element of Acehnese traditional weddings, expressed in the form of gold. In Banda Aceh society, Mayam is not only understood as a marriage obligation but also carries social, cultural, and religious significance related to respect for family, respect for women, and the cultural identity of the Acehnese people. Amidst social change, modernization, and economic development, the practice of Mayam continues to undergo adaptations without losing its relevance. This study aims to analyze the social construction of the Mayam tradition as a reality of Islamic teachings in Banda Aceh society, explain the role of narrative and religious authority in legitimizing the tradition's continuity, and examine the negotiation process of the meaning and practice of Mayam between the older and younger generations. This study used a qualitative method with a sociological approach to religion. Data were obtained through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation in Gampong Ie Masen Kayee Adang, Syiah Kuala District, Banda Aceh City. Data analysis was conducted using the Miles and Huberman model, with the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and inductive conclusion drawing. This research uses Peter L. Berger's social construction theory and Pierre Bourdieu's habitus and symbolic capital theories as analytical tools. The results show that the Mayam tradition is constructed through a process of externalization, objectification, and internalization, thus becoming accepted as a legitimate social reality in Acehnese society. Mayam is interpreted as a symbol of respect for women, a manifestation of male commitment, responsibility in building a household, and the cultural identity of the Acehnese people. The continuation of this tradition is legitimized through religious narratives that position Mayam as a form of dowry in Islam, integrated with local culture, supported by the role of religious and traditional leaders. Meanwhile, negotiations on the meaning and practice of Mayam occur between the older generation, who uphold traditional values, and the younger generation, who seek to adapt to economic conditions and the demands of modern life. These negotiations resulted in a compromise that allowed the Mayam tradition to be maintained while adapting to the social changes that occurred. Keywords: Social construction, Mayam, Symbolic capital, Peter L. Berger, Pierre Bourdieu, Acehnese wedding traditions.

Item Type: Thesis (Sarjana)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Konstruksi sosial; Mayam; Modal simbolik; Peter L. Berger; Pierre Bourdieu; Tradisi pernikahan Aceh.
Subjects: Sociology and Anthropology, Society
Culture and Institutions
Divisions: Fakultas Ushuluddin > Program Studi, Studi Agama Agama
Depositing User: Gebrina Liya Anggraini
Date Deposited: 10 Jul 2026 03:52
Last Modified: 10 Jul 2026 03:52
URI: https://digilib.uinsgd.ac.id/id/eprint/134466

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