Multiplier effect Satuan Pelayanan Pemenuhan Gizi (SPPG) terhadap kesempatan kerja perspektif maqashid syariah: Studi kasus SPPG Rancabolang Gedebage

Putri, Nahdhia Wanda (2026) Multiplier effect Satuan Pelayanan Pemenuhan Gizi (SPPG) terhadap kesempatan kerja perspektif maqashid syariah: Studi kasus SPPG Rancabolang Gedebage. Sarjana thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

Nahdhia Wanda Putri: Multiplier Effect Satuan Pelayanan Pemenuhan Gizi (SPPG) Terhadap Kesempatan Kerja Perspektif Maqashid Syariah (Studi Kasus SPPG Rancabolang Gedebage) Program Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) melalui Satuan Pelayanan Pemenuhan Gizi (SPPG) tidak hanya berperan dalam pemenuhan gizi masyarakat, tetapi juga berpotensi menciptakan dampak ekonomi melalui penyerapan tenaga kerja dan peningkatan aktivitas ekonomi lokal. Operasional SPPG yang melibatkan masyarakat sekitar diperkirakan mampu menciptakan multiplier effect melalui peningkatan pendapatan dan konsumsi rumah tangga. Selain itu dampak ekonomi program juga perlu ditinjau dari perspektif maqashid syariah, khususnya pada aspek hifz an-nafs dan hifz al-mal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis multiplier effect SPPG Rancabolang Gedebage terhadap penciptaan kesempatan kerja masyarakat lokal dan menganalisis dampak ekonomi SPPG ditinjau dari perspektif maqashid syariah pada aspek hifz an-nafs dan hifz al-mal. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori multiplier effect Keynesian yang menjelaskan bahwa peningkatan konsumsi rumah tangga dapat mendorong perputaran ekonomi dan menciptakan efek pengganda terhadap pendapatan masyarakat. Selain itu penelitian ini juga menggunakan perspektif maqashid syariah untuk menganalisis perlindungan jiwa dan distribusi harta masyarakat melalui keberadaan pekerjaan dan sirkulasi ekonomi lokal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa operasional SPPG Rancabolang Gedebage mampu menyerap tenaga kerja lokal dan mendorong perubahan pekerjaan masyarakat dari sektor informal menuju pekerjaan yang lebih stabil. Hasil perhitungan estimatif menunjukkan nilai Marginal Propensity to Consume (MPC) sebesar 0,97, nilai Marginal Propensity to Import (MPI) sebesar 0,02, dan nilai local multiplier effect sebesar 20. Nilai tersebut menunjukkan bahwa setiap tambahan pendapatan sebesar Rp1,00 berpotensi menciptakan perputaran ekonomi lokal sebesar Rp20,00. Dalam perspektif maqashid syariah, keberadaan SPPG mencerminkan implementasi hifz an-nafs melalui penyediaan pekerjaan yang lebih layak dan stabil, serta hifz al-mal melalui distribusi pendapatan dan penguatan sirkulasi ekonomi lokal. Nahdhia Wanda Putri: The Multiplier Effect of the Nutritional Fulfillment Service Unit (SPPG) on Employment Opportunities from the Perspective of Maqashid Sharia (Case Study of SPPG Rancabolang Gedebage) The Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) through the Nutritional Fulfillment Service Unit (SPPG) not only plays a role in fulfilling community nutritional needs, but also has the potential to create economic impacts through employment generation and increased local economic activity. The operation of SPPG, which involves local communities, is considered capable of generating a multiplier effect through increased income and household consumption. In addition, the economic impact of the program also needs to be reviewed from the perspective of maqashid sharia, particularly in the aspects of hifz an-nafs and hifz al-mal. This study aims to analyze the multiplier effect of SPPG Rancabolang Gedebage on the creation of local employment opportunities and analyze the economic impact of SPPG from the perspective of maqashid sharia in the aspects of hifz an-nafs and hifz al-mal. This study employs the Keynesian multiplier effect theory, which explains that an increase in household consumption can encourage economic circulation and create multiplier effects on community income. In addition, this study also applies the maqashid sharia perspective to analyze the protection of life and the distribution of wealth through employment opportunities and local economic circulation. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation involving workers at SPPG Rancabolang Gedebage. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing, and mathematical analysis using the multiplier effect approach. The results show that the operation of SPPG Rancabolang Gedebage has absorbed local workers and encouraged a shift in employment from the informal sector to more stable jobs. The estimative calculation results indicate a Marginal Propensity to Consume (MPC) value of 0.97, a Marginal Propensity to Import (MPI) value of 0.02, and a local multiplier effect value of 20. These results indicate that every additional income of Rp1.00 has the potential to generate Rp20.00 in local economic circulation. From the perspective of maqashid sharia, the existence of SPPG reflects the implementation of hifz an-nafs through the provision of more decent and stable employment, as well as hifz al-mal through income distribution and the strengthening of local economic circulation.

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