Dinamika konflik KPK-Polri dalam kasus cicak vs buaya jilid I (2009–2010)

Apipudin, Apipudin (2026) Dinamika konflik KPK-Polri dalam kasus cicak vs buaya jilid I (2009–2010). Masters thesis, Universitas Negeri Islam Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

INDONESIA: Penelitian ini membedah latar belakang historis dan dinamika hubungan kelembagaan antara Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK) dan Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia (Polri) sepanjang periode 2009–2010, yang dikenal luas sebagai konflik "Cicak vs Buaya" Jilid I. Ketegangan ini berakar pada faktor struktural berupa ketimpangan kewenangan sejak KPK didirikan sebagai lembaga superbody independen melalui UU No. 30 Tahun 2002. Otoritas khusus KPK, seperti hak penyadapan eksklusif dan sistem penanganan perkara satu atap, memicu kecemburuan institusional serta tumpang tindih yurisdiksi penyidikan dengan Polri. Konflik laten ini bermutasi menjadi konfrontasi terbuka akibat pernyataan Susno Duadji di Majalah Tempo yang mengibaratkan perseteruan tersebut seperti cicak melawan buaya. Eskalasi semakin memuncak melalui rangkaian peristiwa krusial, termasuk kasus Antasari Azhar, polemik Bank Century, hingga tindakan saling sandera hukum (judicial retaliation) yang berujung pada penahanan pimpinan KPK, Bibit Samad Rianto dan Chandra Hamzah. Perseteruan ini melumpuhkan total koordinasi antarlembaga sekaligus memicu polarisasi publik serta kebangkitan aktivisme digital masyarakat sipil. Menggunakan metode sejarah kualitatif dengan corak deskriptif-analitis, penelitian ini membedah anatomi perselisihan lewat pisau analisis Teori Konflik sosiopolitik Ralf Dahrendorf dan Randall Collins yang diintegrasikan dengan sosiologi hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa krisis ini diredam melalui intervensi politik Presiden SBY dengan membentuk Tim Delapan, yang merekomendasikan Kejaksaan Agung menerbitkan Surat Ketetapan Penghentian Penuntutan (SKPP) demi stabilitas nasional. Kendati berhasil meredakan ketegangan temporal, resolusi ini hanya melahirkan "keseimbangan semu" (pseudo-equilibrium) karena belum menyentuh akar regulasi yang memicu friksi struktural, sehingga pola persaingan kewenangan ini berpotensi terus berulang di masa depan. ENGLISH: This research analyzes the historical background and institutional dynamics between the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) and the Indonesian National Police (Polri) during the 2009–2010 period, widely known as the "Gecko vs. Crocodile" (Cicak vs Buaya) Conflict Volume I. This tension stemmed from structural factors, specifically the institutional imbalance since the KPK's establishment as an independent superbody via Law No. 30/2002. The KPK’s exclusive powers, such as independent wiretapping and an integrated single-roof case management system, triggered institutional jealousy and overlapping jurisdictions with Polri. This latent conflict escalated into open confrontation following Susno Duadji’s controversial statement in Tempo Magazine, metaphorically comparing the friction to a gecko fighting a crocodile. The situation intensified through critical events, including the Antasari Azhar case, the Bank Century controversy, and acts of judicial retaliation that led to the arrest of KPK leaders, Bibit Samad Rianto and Chandra Hamzah. This feud paralyzed inter- agency coordination while triggering massive public polarization and the rise of digital activism. Utilizing a qualitative historical method with a descriptive- analytical approach, this study examines the dispute through Ralf Dahrendorf and Randall Collins’ socio-political Conflict Theory integrated with the sociology of law. The findings indicate that the crisis was mitigated through President SBY’s political intervention by forming the Team of Eight, leading the Attorney General's Office to issue a Decree for Termination of Prosecution (SKPP). Although it temporarily defused the tension, this legal resolution only created a "pseudo- equilibrium" because it failed to address the root regulatory flaws, leaving this structural rivalry prone to recurring in the future.

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