Conversational implicature in Dr. Zakir Naik's speeches on YouTube

Oktafiani, Viska Aulia (2026) Conversational implicature in Dr. Zakir Naik's speeches on YouTube. Sarjana thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

This study examines the use of conversational implicature in Dr. Zakir Naik's speeches delivered during the Indonesia Speech Tour 2025 and uploaded on his official YouTube channel. This study aims to answer two research questions: (1) what types of conversational implicature are found in Dr. Zakir Naik's speeches, and (2) how Conceptual Metaphor supports the interpretation of conversational implicature in Dr. Zakir Naik's speeches on YouTube. This research employed a descriptive qualitative method. The data consist of 26 utterances containing conversational implicature selected from Dr. Zakir Naik's speech videos. The data were collected through observation, transcription, identification, and classification, and were analyzed using Yule's (1996) theory of conversational implicature, Grice's (1975) Cooperative Principle, and Lakoff and Johnson's (1980) Conceptual Metaphor Theory. The findings show that both types of conversational implicature are found in the data, consisting of 4 utterances classified as Generalized Conversational Implicature, in which the implied meaning can be understood without relying on a specific context, and 22 utterances classified as Particularized Conversational Implicature, in which the implied meaning requires consideration of specific conversational contexts and background knowledge. The dominance of Particularized Conversational Implicature indicates that most implied meanings in Dr. Zakir Naik's speeches depend heavily on the specific context of the question and answer interactions with the audience. Furthermore, the analysis demonstrates that Conceptual Metaphor supports the interpretation of these implied meanings by mapping concrete everyday experiences onto abstract religious and intellectual concepts, allowing the audience to better understand the speaker's intended meaning. Therefore, this study concludes that the integration of Pragmatics and Conceptual Metaphor Theory provides a broader understanding of how implied meanings are interpreted in religious discourse. Penelitian ini mengkaji penggunaan implikatur percakapan dalam pidato-pidato Dr. Zakir Naik yang disampaikan selama Indonesia Speech Tour 2025 dan diunggah di kanal YouTube resminya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjawab dua rumusan masalah, yaitu: (1) jenis-jenis implikatur percakapan apa saja yang ditemukan dalam pidato Dr. Zakir Naik, dan (2) bagaimana Metafora Konseptual mendukung interpretasi implikatur percakapan dalam pidato-pidato Dr. Zakir Naik di YouTube. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian terdiri atas 26 tuturan yang mengandung implikatur percakapan yang dipilih dari video pidato Dr. Zakir Naik. Data dikumpulkan melalui tahap observasi, transkripsi, identifikasi, dan klasifikasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teori implikatur percakapan Yule (1996), Prinsip Kerja Sama Grice (1975), serta Teori Metafora Konseptual Lakoff dan Johnson (1980). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua jenis implikatur percakapan ditemukan dalam data, terdiri atas 4 tuturan yang diklasifikasikan sebagai Generalized Conversational Implicature, yaitu makna tersirat yang dapat dipahami tanpa bergantung pada konteks tertentu, dan 22 tuturan yang diklasifikasikan sebagai Particularized Conversational Implicature, yaitu makna tersirat yang memerlukan pertimbangan konteks percakapan tertentu serta pengetahuan latar belakang. Dominasi Particularized Conversational Implicature menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar makna tersirat dalam pidato Dr. Zakir Naik sangat bergantung pada konteks spesifik dari interaksi tanya-jawab dengan audiens. Selain itu, hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Metafora Konseptual mendukung interpretasi makna tersirat tersebut dengan memetakan pengalaman konkret sehari-hari ke dalam konsep keagamaan dan intelektual yang abstrak, sehingga membantu audiens memahami maksud penutur dengan lebih baik. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa integrasi antara Pragmatik dan Teori Metafora Konseptual memberikan pemahaman yang lebih luas mengenai bagaimana makna tersirat diinterpretasikan dalam wacana keagamaan.

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