Restorative Justice dalam penanggulangan tindak pidana penyalahgunaan narkoba perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam

Dimyati, Asep Permana and Anwar, Syahrul and Sumardi, Didi (2026) Restorative Justice dalam penanggulangan tindak pidana penyalahgunaan narkoba perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam. Jurnal Darussalam, 18 (1). pp. 169-183. ISSN 1978-4767

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Abstract

INDONESIA: Penyalahgunaan narkotika di Indonesia terus meningkat dan berdampak pada kelebihan kapasitas lembaga pemasyarakatan. Pendekatan pidana yang bersifat retributif dinilai belum efektif karena tidak menyentuh akar masalah ketergantungan dan berpotensi meningkatkan residivisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis penyelesaian tindak pidana narkotika melalui pendekatan restorative justice, mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung dan penghambatnya, serta mengkaji relevansinya dengan konsep al-islah dan maqasid al-shari'ah dalam hukum pidana Islam. Penelitian menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studipustaka. Data diperoleh dari Al-Qur'an, Hadis, kitab fiqh jinayat, regulasi, buku, dan jurnalhukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa restorative justice menawarkan penyelesaian yanglebih humanis melalui rehabilitasi medis dan sosial. Dalam hukum pidana Islam, penyalahgunaannarkotika termasuk jarimah ta'zir karena merusak akal (hifz al-'aql). Pendekatan ini sejalandengan konsep al-islah, sulh, dan ta'zir islahi yang menekankan pemulihan dan kemaslahatan sosial. Implementasi restorative justice didukung oleh kebijakan pemerintah dan peran lembagakeagamaan, namun masih terhambat oleh stigma masyarakat, keterbatasan mediator, dandominasi sistem peradilan yang punitif. ENGLISH: Narcotics abuse in Indonesia continues to increase and has contributed to the overcapacity of correctional institutions. A retributive criminal justice approach is considered ineffective because it fails to address the root causes of addiction and may increase recidivism. This study aims to analyze the resolution of narcotics abuse cases through a restorative justice approach, identify the supporting and inhibiting factors, and examine its relevance to the concepts of al-islah and maqasid al-shari'ah in Islamic criminal law. This research employs a normative juridical method with a qualitative approach through library research. The data were obtained from the Qur'an,Hadith, fiqh jinayat literature, regulations, books, and legal journals. The findings indicate that restorative justice provides a more humane solution through medical and social rehabilitation programs. In the perspective of Islamic criminal law, narcotics abuse is categorized as a jarimah ta'zir because it harms human intellect (hifz al-'aql). This approach is consistent with the concepts of al-islah, sulh and ta'zir islahi, which emphasize recovery and social welfare. The implementation of restorative justice is supported by government policies and the role of religious institutions; however, it is still hindered by social stigma, the limited number of competent mediators, and the dominance of a punitive criminal justice system.

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