The metaphorical translation of John Shors beneath a marble sky into Taj Mahal

Husni, Usep (2008) The metaphorical translation of John Shors beneath a marble sky into Taj Mahal. Diploma thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

Figurative language is one of the phenomena that usually faced by translator in translation field, and metaphor is a common figure of speech found in many languages. This figure of speech is comparison, and in translating it, the translator must be careful. Larson (1984: 250) says, "if a metaphor from source language (SL) is translated literally into target language (TL), it will often be completely misunderstood because sometimes this figurative language is rather difficult to understand."The words in SL culture may not be found in TL culture. It means there is no direct equivalence words of the SL found in TL. It is one of problems that are encountered by Meithya Rose as the translator of novel entitled Beneath a Marble Sky. I. The paper entitled The Metaphorical Translation of Beneath a Marble Sky into Taj Mahal. discusses three major concerns. First, it figures out types of metaphors expressed in the novel; second, it investigates the procedures used in translating the metaphors; and third, it investigates the process of translating metaphors, specifically on problems that encountered by the translator. The research is qualitative study and descriptive method. The data are collected from English novel entitled Beneath a Marble Sky written by John Shors and its translation Taj Mahal: Kisah Cinta Abadi by Meithya Rose. The collected data shows 277 items metaphors in the novel. The collected data are analyzed based on Keraf's and Larson theories about classification of metaphors (dead and live metaphors). Those metaphors are compared to their translated version to figure out the applied translation procedures based on Newmark's theories (synonymy, literal, equivalence, addition, modulation, transposition, and reduction procedures). Then, conducting interview to its translator by raising some questions is to get valid and reliable data on problems encountered by the translator especially in translating English Metaphors into Indonesian. The result shows that firstly, the use of dead metaphors definitely became the foremost figure found in the novel (195 items or 70%) while live metaphors only appeared in 82 items (30%). Secondly, the most dominant procedures in metaphors translation were synonymy (95 items or 34%), literal (67 items or 24%), equivalence (33 items or 12%), addition (25 items or 10%), modulation (25 items or 10%), transposition (16 items or 5%), and reduction (16 items or 5%). Thirdly, the common problems that encountered by the translator (Meithya Rose) in translating metaphors were difference of culture, lexical problem; equivalence and diction, and grammatical problem; syntax. To sum up, it might be drawn as conclusion that: (1) the uses of metaphors are intended to give more emotional effects and meet aesthetic level of language. In addition, the use of figurative language provides readers with implied expressions that the readers need to figure them out in order to understand the work; and (2) the procedures of synonymy and literal have the benefit to create a clear and natural construction in TL. Then, the procedures of reduction and addition might be enable readers to familiarize figurative language through a clear and natural target language; (3) to be a good translator is not enough to master the source and target language, but also necessary to understand well the culture of target language (TL).

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