Directive speech act in Mark Twains’s the adventures of Tom Sawyer

Murniati, Reni (2016) Directive speech act in Mark Twains’s the adventures of Tom Sawyer. Diploma thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

INDONESIA : Tindak tutur terdiri dari banyak kategori, satu diantaranya adalah tindak tutur direktif. Tindak tutur direktif adalah tuturan yang tidak hanya dimaksudkan untuk menginformasikan, tetapi juga untuk memperoleh timbal balik dari lawan tutur. Timbal balik tersebut disebut dengan respon. Respon yang diberikan oleh lawan tutur dapat berupa tuturan ataupun tindakan, dan dapat juga berupa respon positif atau negatif. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis tertarik untuk menganalisis tindak tutur direktif yang digunakan oleh penutur, serta respon dari lawan tutur dalam novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer karya Mark Twain. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa dialog antar tokoh yang mengandung unsur tindak tutur direktif serta respon dari lawan tutur. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini difokuskan pada dua rumusan masalah: 1) Apa saja jenis tindak tutur direktif yang ditemukan dalam novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer karya Mark Twain? 2) Bagaimana respon dari lawan tutur yang ditemukan dalam novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer karya Mark Twain? Untuk menjawab rumusan masalah tersebut, penulis menggunakan pendekatan pragmatik serta teori tindak tutur direktif J.R.Searle. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan analisis data yang telah dilakukan, dalam novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer karya Mark Twain ditemukan sebanyak 55 tindak tutur direktif berupa; 5 direktif menantang, 8 direktif menyuruh, 4 direktif menyarankan, 10 direktif memohon, 2 direktif meminta, 9 direktif memerintah, 9 direktif melarang, dan 8 direktif mengajak. Dalam penelitian ini penulis juga menemukan sebanyak 32 respon tuturan, 23 respon tindakan. Terakhir, penulis berharap semoga penelitian ini dapat memberikan manfaat bagi siapa saja yang tertarik melakukan penelitian tentang tindak tutur direktif. ENGLISH : Speech act consist of many categories, one of them is directive speech act. Directive speech act is utterances which not only intended to inform, but also to obtain the reciprocal of the opponent speech. Reciprocity is called the response. The response given by the opponent speech can be utterance or action, and can also be a positive or negative response. In this research, the researcher interested to analyze the directive speech act used by speakers and the response of the opponent speech in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer novel by Mark Twain. The data used in this research is dialogue between the characters that contain elements of directive speech act and the response of the opponent speech. Therefore, this research focused on two statements of problems: 1) What kinds of directive speech act found in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer novel by Mark Twain? 2) How the response of opponent speech found in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer novel by Mark Twain? To answer the statements of problems, the researcher use a pragmatic approach and J.R. Searle directive speech act theory. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. Based on the data analysis have done, in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer novel by Mark Twain found as many as 55 directive speech acts in form; 5 data of directive challenging, 8 data of directive ordering, 4 data of directive suggesting, 10 data of directive entreating, 2 data of directive requesting, 9 of directive commanding, 9 data of directive prohobiting, and 8 data of directive inviting. In this research the researcher also found 32 utterance responses, 23 action responses. Finally, the researcher hopes this research can provide benefits to anyone who interested in doing the research on directive speech act.

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