The Journey of 123 Years Filariasis in Indonesia

Sulianti, Ambar (2017) The Journey of 123 Years Filariasis in Indonesia. Working Paper. UIN Sunan Gunung Djati. (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Lymphatic filariasis had attacked the people of Indonesia for 123 years. This disease was first reported in Indonesia by Haga and van Eecke in 1889 in Jakarta. Filariasis is caused by filarial worms live in the blood and lymph vessels. Not only a problem in Indonesia, filariasis also becomes health problem in the world. The majority type of filariasis worm in the world is Brugria malayi. B. malayi was first discovered in 1927 in Bireu, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Recently, filariasis reported to be endemic in 81 countries of the world. The Government of Indonesia in collaboration with WHO has been aggressively dealing with this disease by conducting filariasis elimination program since 1975. As the result, in 1983 filariasis reported no longer be a threaten diseases in Indonesia. Nevertheless, in 1990, filariasis patients with elephantiasis reported in West Java, Indonesia. Finger Blood Analysis stated that there is reemerging diseases. In 2009 reported 31 out of 33 provinces in Indonesia have filariasis endemic area. The difficulties of eradicating filariasis in Indonesia are caused by many factors. Various problems arising in the course of which the handling of filariasis vaccination to prevent the spread of this disease has not been found, almost all kinds of potential mosquito vectors of this disease, there is still lack of knowledge and awareness in protecting the environment so as not to become a brood of mosquitoes, there are types of filariasis hospes reservoir could potentially have a role in transmission of filariasis, namely cats, monkeys, dogs, and squirrels. Another problem is related to the treatment of mass associated with the fear of side effects. This is certainly an impact on the potential spread of filariasis and the reemerging disease. WHO launched the movement with a target to eradicate filariasis is a disease-free world by 2020. But whether this can be achieved especially in Indonesia by analyzing the course of the disease in Indonesia? This needs to be a concern and we shared a good reflection of the policy holders and the general public. Keywords: filariasis, journey, reemerging, Indonesia.

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