The representation of dictatorship in the Novel of Animal Farm, 1984, Orang-Orang Proyek, and Ayat-Ayat Cinta

Jauhari, Akhmad (2020) The representation of dictatorship in the Novel of Animal Farm, 1984, Orang-Orang Proyek, and Ayat-Ayat Cinta. Diploma thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

This research discusses how the representation of Dictatorship Systems in the novel of Animal Farm (AF) and 1984 by George Orwell, Orang-Orang Proyek (OOP) by Ahmad Tohari, and Ayat-Ayat Cinta (AAC) by Habiburrahman El Shirazy are represented and compared each other. The theories used in this research are Representation by Nyoman Kutha Ratna (2008), Dictatorship System by Gustav Lidén (2014), Literary Devices by Burhan Nurgiyantoro (2015) and Abrams (1999), and Comparative Literature by Susan Bassnett (1993). This qualitative research is designed as literary criticism using the method of Descriptive Analysis to explain the characters of Dictatorship, and Comparative Analysis to compare those characters that attribute to the typologies of Dictatorship. The results of this research are the practice of Dictatorship Systems are represented through literary devices or commonly called intrinsic elements: Plot (Generating Circumstance, Rising Action, and Climax), Theme (social-critics theme), Characterization (of dictator), Setting (of social circumstance), and Point of View (third-person omniscient, second-person, and first-central). Besides the comparison of Dictatorship Systems’ representation are analyzed through the characters that attribute to the typologies: Personalist (AF, OOP, and AAC), Military (all novels), Single-Party (OOP), Electoral (AF and OOP), Communist (AF, 1984, and OOP), and Civilian (AAC). The suggestions for the furthermore research are to extend the objects to other genre or form of literature, and to include the analysis of the practice of Dictatorship System in real through Sociology of Literature. Penelitian ini membahas tentang bagaimana representasi Sistem Kediktatoran di dalam novel Animal Farm (AF) dan 1984 karya George Orwell, Orang-Orang Proyek (OOP) karya Ahmad Tohari, dan Ayat-Ayat Cinta (AAC) karya Habiburrahman El Shirazy. Teori yang digunakan di dalam penelitian ini adalah Representasi oleh Nyoman Kutha Ratna (2008), Sistem Kediktatoran oleh Gustav Lidén (2014), Perangkat Kesastraan oleh Burhan Nurgiyantoro (2015) dan Abrams (1999), dan Sastra Bandingan oleh Susan Bassnett (1993). Penelitian kualitatif ini didesain sebagai sebuah kritik sastra menggunakan analisis deskriptif untuk menjelaskan karakter Sistem Kediktatoran, dan analisis komparatif untuk memperbandingkan karakter tersebut yang melekat pada tipologi Sistem Kediktatoran. Hasil penelitian ini adalah Sistem Kediktatoran direpresentasikan melalui perangkat kesastraan atau yang lebih dikenal dengan unsur intrinsik: Plot (Generating Circumstance, Rising Action, dan Climax), Tema (socio-critics theme), Karakterisasi (dari karakter diktator), Setting (social circumstance), dan Sudut Pandang (third-person omniscient, second-person, dan first-central). Selain itu, perbandingan Sistem Kediktatoran dianalisa melalui karakternya yang melekat pada jenis Sistem Kediktatoran tersebut: Personalist (AF, OOP, dan AAC), Military (semua novel), Single-Party (OOP), Electoral (AF dan OOP), Communist (AF, 1984, dan OOP), dan Civilian (AAC). Rekomendasi untuk penelitian selanjutnya adalah dengan memperluas obyek penelitian dengan menganalisa genre atau bentuk karya sastra yang lain, sekaligus menghadirkan analisa praktik Sistem Kediktatoran di dunia nyata melalui Sosiologi Sastra.

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