The Symbol of Man and Nature in Yann Martel’s Life of Pi

Indra Rahayu, Indra (2015) The Symbol of Man and Nature in Yann Martel’s Life of Pi. Diploma thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

The research analyzes the novel as one of literary works. The analyzed novel is Yann Martel’s novel entitled Life of Pi. The analyzed problem in this research concerns with symbol. Symbol is anything, which signifies something. Symbol can represent an object, idea, or a relationship. The symbol of man and nature is analyzed in this research constructed by the relevant theory. The main problem of this research is divided into two questions. First, what category of symbol, which is used as the representation of the man and nature in Yann Martel’s Life of Pi. Second, based on Frye’s theory, in which phase are the symbol of man and nature included. The used theory of this research is Frye’s theory of symbol, (taken from the book of Northrop Frye; Anatomy of Criticism: Four Essays). Frye’s theory of symbol consist of four phases: literal and descriptive phase: symbol as motif and as sign, formal phase: symbol as image, mythical phase: symbol as archetype, and anagogic phase: symbol as monad. The employed method in this research is a descriptive method. This method tries to give an explanation about something or some object briefly. The data in this research are the forms that contain words, phrases, and sentences. Technique of collecting data that is used in this research is library research, and the steps of data analysis including 1) identifying data, 2) categorizing based on the literary criticism, 3) analyzing the data based on Frye’s Theory, 4) interpreting data, 5) making conclusion. The result of this research is divided into two discussions. First, categorization of the symbol of man and nature: Pi (the man) as a symbol of man’s struggle, and man’s pride. While, Sea as a symbol of a woman, and God’s gift. Moreover, Dorado the fish as a symbol of a valuable thing, man’s brother, and victim. Sharks as a symbol of man’s rival. Birds, Dolphins, and Turtles are symbols of man’s brother. Second, phases of symbol based on Frye’s theory: One category of those symbols is same that is the whole the symbol of man and nature. Those symbols are included in the first category of Frye’s Theory: descriptive phase (symbol as sign) nevertheless, one category of symbol is included in two different phases, like the man, Pi, and the sea.

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