Aktivitas harian pasangan Owa Jawa di JPRC The Aspinall Foundation sebagai indikator kesiapan pelepasliaran

Alfaobeth, Mochamad Sutan (2020) Aktivitas harian pasangan Owa Jawa di JPRC The Aspinall Foundation sebagai indikator kesiapan pelepasliaran. Sarjana thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

INDONESIA : Owa Jawa (Hylobates moloch) merupakan primata endemik yang terdapat di Pulau Jawa. Saat ini status Owa Jawa tergolong satwa yang terancam punah (endangered). Upaya penyelamatan dan rehabilitasi dilakukan untuk melindungi satwa dari perburuan liar dan dari sitaan warga (dipelihara) ataupun yang diserahkan secara sukarela oleh pemilik sebelumnya. Hal ini terkait dengan prinsip etika dan kesejahteraan satwa, sehingga primata dapat direhabilitasi dan dilepasliarkan (release) ke habitat alaminya. Kesiapan Owa Jawa sangat penting sebelum dilepasliarkan. Pelepasliaran Owa Jawa setelah direhabilitasi ke alam dapat dilakukan apabila beberapa kriteria sudah terpenuhi. Salah satu kriteria pelepasliaran Owa Jawa dapat dilihat dari aktivitas hariannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Javan Primate Rehabilitation Center (JPRC) The Apinall Foundation Indonesia Project (TAF-IP) yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesiapan Owa Jawa yang telah dipasangkan sebelum dilepasliarkan berdasarkan aktivitas harian dan interaksi sosial. Objek pengamatan adalah sepasang Owa Jawa bernama Boris-Ingeu dengan menggunakan metode ad libitum dan scan sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pasangan Boris-Ingeu memiliki perilaku yang sudah sesuai dengan perilaku Owa Jawa di alam liar, dari aktivitas bergerak yang didominasi dengan berayun (brakiasi) dengan persentase 45-48% dari total seluruh aktivitas bergeraknya dan Owa Jawa betina yang mampu melakukan morning call dengan persentase 31% dari total seluruh aktivitas bersuara. Tetapi pasangan ini belum memenuhi kriteria interaksi sosial untuk dilepasliarkan karena aktivitas sosial yang teramati sangat kecil dengan persentase sebagai berikut: bersuara 66-69%, alloGrooming 1-8%, agonistik 15-16%, bermain 3% dan seksual 5-14%, dari total seluruh aktivitas sosial. Kopulasi juga tidak teramati selama penelitian. ENGLISH : Javan gibbon (Hylobates moloch) is an endemic primate found on the island of Java. Currently, the status of the Javan gibbon is endangered. Rescue and rehabilitation efforts are carried out to protect animals from poaching and from confiscation by residents or voluntarily handed over by the previous owner. This is related to ethical principles and animal welfare, so that primates can be rehabilitated and released into their natural habitat. The readiness of the Javan gibbon is very important before being released. The release of Javan gibbons after being rehabilitated into nature can be carried out if several criteria have been met. One of the criteria for releasing the Javan gibbon can be seen from its daily activities. This research was conducted at the Javan Primate Rehabilitation Center (JPRC) The Apinall Foundation Indonesia Project (TAF-IP) which aims to determine the readiness of the Javan gibbon that has been paired before being released based on daily activities and social interactions. The object of observation was a pair of Javanese gibbons named Boris-Ingeu using the ad libitum method and scan sampling. The results showed that the Boris-Ingeu pair had a behavior that was in accordance with the Javanese gibbon behavior in the wild, from moving activities which were dominated by swinging (brakiasi) with a percentage of 45-48% of the total movement activities and female Javan gibbons who were able to do morning call with a percentage of 31% of the total voice activities. But this couple has not met the criteria for social interaction to be released because the observed social activity is very small with the following percentages: voice 66-69%, alloGrooming 1-8%, agonistic 15-16%, playing 3% and sexual 5-14%, of the total of all social activities. Copulation was also not observed during the research.

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