Pembuatan Kitosan dari limbah cangkang Rajungan (Portunus Pelagicus) asal Cirebon sebagai bahan pengawet buah pisang muli (Musa Acuminata L)

Yusmargana, Fuji Astuti (2021) Pembuatan Kitosan dari limbah cangkang Rajungan (Portunus Pelagicus) asal Cirebon sebagai bahan pengawet buah pisang muli (Musa Acuminata L). Sarjana thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

INDONESIA : Cangkang rajungan merupakan salah satu limbah yang dihasilkan dari industri pengolahan hasil laut. Untuk pemanfaatannya masih sangat rendah, khususnya di Cirebon hannya dijadikan sebagai pakan ternak bahkan sebagian besar merupakan buangan yang turut mencemari lingkungan. Alternatif pengolahan cangkang rajungan salah satunya dijadikan sebagai kitosan karena cangkang rajungan kaya akan kitin. Kitosan adalah senyawa turunan kitin hasil dari proses deasetilasi. Kitosan bisa disebut dengan biopolimer yang mengandung nitrogen terbanyak yang ada di alam yang memiliki sifat sebagai anti bakteri, tidak toksik, dan biodegradable karena hal ini kitosan sangat diminati diindustri. Kitosan memiliki potensi yang sangat beragam seperti dibidang lingkungan, farmasi dan pangan, salah satunya berpotensi sebagai pengawet yang aman pada makanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan limbah cangkang rajungan menjadi kitosan sebagai bahan pengawet buah pisang muli. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental menggunakan rancangan dengan enam tahapan meliputi demineralisasi, deproteinasi, deasetilasi, pembuatan larutan coating dengan berbagai konsentrasi (0%, 1 %, 1,5%, 2% dan 2,5%), proses coating dan uji fisik. Parameter yang diukur adalah derajat deasetilasi, pengaruh konsentrasi kitosan dan uji fisik (perubahan warna). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa derajat deasetilasi dari kitosan yang didapat sebesar 95,9825%. Dari hasil uji fisik didapatkan bahwa pada penambahan kitosan dengan konsentrasi 1%, 1,5%, 2% dan 2,5% dalam proses coating mengakibatkan semakin besarnya konsentrasi kitosan yang ditambahkan akan membuat proses pematangan pada pisang semakin lama dan menyebabkan kulit pisang tidak mudah mengalami pencoklatan. ENGLISH : Crab shell is one of the wastes generated from the marine product processing industry. However, the utilization is still very low, especially in Cirebon, it is only used as animal feed and even most of it is waste that also pollutes the environment. One of the alternatives for processing crab shells is used as chitosan because the crab shells are rich in chitin. Chitosan is a chitin derivative compound resulting from the deacetylation process. Chitosan can be called a biopolymer that contains the most nitrogen in nature and also has anti-bacterial, non-toxic, and biodegradable properties because this is why chitosan is in great demand in the industry. Chitosan has a very diverse potential such as in the environmental, pharmaceutical and food fields, one of which has the potential to be a safe preservative in food. This study aims to utilize crab shell waste into chitosan as a preservative for Muli bananas. This research is an experimental study using a completely design with six stages including demineralization, deproteination, deacetylation, manufacture of coating solutions with various concentrations (0%, 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5%), coating process and testing. physical. The parameters measured were the degree of deacetylation, the effect of chitosan concentration and physical tests (discoloration). The results showed that the degree of deacetylation of the chitosan obtained was 95.9825%. From the results of the physical test, it was found that the addition of chitosan with concentrations of 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% in the coating process resulted in the greater concentration of chitosan being added, the longer the ripening process in bananas and causes bananas peels are not easy to brown.

Item Type: Thesis (Sarjana)
Uncontrolled Keywords: coating; derajat deasetilasi; kitosan; uji fisik
Subjects: Miscellany of Nature Sciences
Education, Research
Chemistry and Allied Science > Data Processing and Analysis of Chemistry
Chemistry and Allied Science > Chemists
Analytical Chemistry
Analytical Chemistry > Qualitative Analysis, Quantitavie Analysis of Chemistry
Analytical Chemistry > Optical Spectroscopy, Spectrum Analysis
Inorganic Chemistry
Inorganic Chemistry > Periodic Table
Biology
Biochemistry
Biochemistry > Miscellaneous Biochemicals
Environmental Protection Engineering
Technology of Industrial Chemicals
Divisions: Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi > Program Studi Kimia
Depositing User: Fuji Astuti Yusmargana
Date Deposited: 25 Jan 2022 01:25
Last Modified: 25 Jan 2022 01:25
URI: https://digilib.uinsgd.ac.id/id/eprint/48260

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