The politeness strategies in conversation between the students and their teachers in High School documentary movie by Frederick Wiseman

Karimah, Muhmidatillah Nurul (2023) The politeness strategies in conversation between the students and their teachers in High School documentary movie by Frederick Wiseman. Sarjana thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

ENGLISH : Politeness Strategies are the strategies used by individuals to communicate politely and respectfully by minimizing potential threats to the interlocutor’s face (self-image). These strategies can help build good relationships with others and avoid conflicts with them. Therefore, the researcher finds it interesting and necessary to conduct research on this topic with aims to determine the types of politeness strategies used by students and their teachers in the High School documentary movie and the factors that influence the use of politeness strategies in the High School documentary movie. This research employed a qualitative method and used High School documentary movie as the source of data. The main theory used was the politeness theory by Penelope Brown and Stephen C. Levinson (1987). Based on the data analysis, the findings showed that the types of strategies found were Bald On-Record strategy (13 data), Positive Politeness strategy (8 data), Negative Politeness strategy (11 data), and Off-Record strategy (7 data). Meanwhile, the factors that influenced the use of Politeness Strategies were the Relative ‘Power’ (P) of the Speaker and Hearer (21 data) and the Absolute Ranking (R) of Imposition in a particular culture (18 data). However, the Social ‘Distance’ (D) of Speaker and Hearer factor did not appear in the data obtained. From these findings, it can be concluded that the most frequently appearing strategy type was Bald On-Record strategy, and the most frequently appearing factor that influenced the use of strategies was the Relative ‘Power’ (P) of the Speaker and Hearer. The more ‘power’ possessed by Speaker, the more direct their utterances are towards Hearer. A direct utterance indicated the use of the Bald On-Record strategy. INDONESIA : Strategi Kesopanan adalah strategi yang digunakan oleh individu untuk berkomunikasi dengan sopan dan hormat dengan meminimalkan potensi ancaman terhadap citra diri lawan bicara. Strategi ini dapat membantu membangun hubungan yang baik dengan orang lain dan menghindari konflik. Oleh karena itu, peneliti merasa tertarik dan perlu melakukan penelitian tentang topik ini dengan tujuan untuk menentukan jenis strategi kesopanan yang digunakan oleh siswa dan guru dalam film dokumenter High School dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi penggunaan strategi kesopanan dalam film dokumenter High School. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan film dokumenter High School sebagai sumber data. Teori utama yang digunakan adalah teori kesopanan oleh Penelope Brown dan Stephen C. Levinson (1987). Berdasarkan analisis data, temuannya menunjukkan bahwa jenis strategi yang ditemukan adalah strategi Bald On-Record (13 data), strategi Positive Politeness (8 data), strategi Negative Politeness (11 data), dan strategi Off-Record (7 data). Sementara itu, faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi penggunaan Strategi Kesopanan adalah 'Kekuatan' Relatif (P) Pemakai Ucapan dan Penerima Ucapan (21 data) dan Peringkat Mutlak (R) atas Pemberian Beban dalam budaya tertentu (18 data). Namun, faktor 'Jarak' Sosial (D) antara Pemakai Ucapan dan Penerima Ucapan tidak muncul dalam data yang diperoleh. Dari temuan ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa jenis strategi yang paling sering muncul adalah strategi Bald On-Record, dan faktor yang paling sering muncul yang memengaruhi penggunaan strategi adalah 'Kekuatan' Relatif (P) Pemakai Ucapan dan Penerima Ucapan. Semakin banyak 'kekuatan' yang dimiliki oleh Pemakai Ucapan, semakin jelas dan terbuka ucapannya terhadap Penerima Ucapan. Ucapan langsung mengindikasikan penggunaan strategi Bald On-Record.

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