The usage of politeness principle in Mark Twain’s novel the adventures of Huckleberry Finn: Case study of politeness and impoliteness speech act which is spoken by Huckleberry Finn character to other character

Nurhasanah, Nining (2012) The usage of politeness principle in Mark Twain’s novel the adventures of Huckleberry Finn: Case study of politeness and impoliteness speech act which is spoken by Huckleberry Finn character to other character. Diploma thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.

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Abstract

The term “polite” often listened in daily life. It can be characterized as having or showing good manner and politeness is established in the communication act in order to maintain social harmony. But, many people do not care about using politeness in their life, especially in their speech act. This phenomenon make the researcher is interested in knowing politeness rule in speech act. The researcher Therefore, the researcher interested in understanding politeness rule in speech act. The researcher tries to apply the rule of Geoffrey Leech’s politeness principle theory into literary work because the speech act not only in oral language but also in written language. The literary work here is a novel entitled The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain. This novel describes a child life who often gets in touch with other people around him who older than him. Based on the above phenomenon, this research can be formulated into two questions: 1) What are maxims which have politeness implication found in Mark Twain’s Novel “The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn”? 2) What are maxims which have impoliteness implication found in Mark Twain’s Novel “The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn”? To answer the problems of research, the researcher uses the qualitative method. The qualitative as an inquiry process of understanding a social or human problem based on building a complex, historic picture, formed with words, reporting reviews of respondents and conducted in natural setting. The data that is used in this research is speeches acts of Huckleberry Finn figure to other figure and just opposite in their conversation. In doing the research, the researcher used the qualitative analysis technique which employing some steps. The first is organizing the data; it means that the researcher arranged the speech act which is assumed to have politeness and impoliteness maxims. The second is classifying data; in this step, the researcher classifies each speech act based on the kinds of politeness principle maxim. The third is categorizing the data; having classified the data, the researcher categorized speech act based on its types. The last is analyzing the data; the researcher analyzed the speech act by using Leech’s theory of politeness principle. Based on the data analysis, the results show that politeness maxims which are found in Mark Twain’s novel consists of tact maxim, generosity maxim, approbation maxim, modesty maxim, agreement maxim and sympathy maxim. Impoliteness maxims which are found in Mark Twain’s novel are tact maxims, approbation maxim, modesty maxim and agreement maxim. In a nutshell, there are 41 politeness maxims and 17 impoliteness maxims. This means that the maxims which have politeness implication are much more than the maxims which have impoliteness implication. So, Huck’s character many show politeness act to other characters who are older than him through his speech act.

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