Firdaus, Fajar Ridwan (2026) Pengaruh lingkungan kerja fisik dan lingkungan kerja nonfisik terhadap kesempatan pengembangan karier yang dimediasi oleh keterlibatan karyawan di PT United Tractors Tbk. Sarjana thesis, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.
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Abstract
INDONESIA: Kesempatan pengembangan karier merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam pengelolaan sumber daya manusia karena berkaitan dengan ruang yang dimiliki karyawan untuk merencanakan karier, mengikuti pelatihan dan pengembangan, memperoleh kesempatan promosi, serta mengembangkan kompetensi. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh fenomena pemanfaatan program pengembangan karyawan di PT United Tractors Tbk. Cabang Jakarta. Data Mandatory Learning Smart Year 2026 menunjukkan tingkat penyelesaian sekitar 34% pada 13 Juli 2026, meningkat menjadi 44–45% pada 27 Juli 2026, dan mencapai 98–100% pada 31 Juli 2026. Berdasarkan fenomena tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Fisik dan Lingkungan Kerja Nonfisik terhadap Kesempatan Pengembangan Karier serta menguji peran Keterlibatan Karyawan sebagai variabel mediasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode asosiatif. Populasi penelitian ditetapkan sebanyak 180 karyawan PT United Tractors Tbk. Cabang Jakarta. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 135 responden yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling dengan kriteria masa kerja minimal satu tahun. Instrumen penelitian terdiri atas 39 pernyataan dengan skala Likert empat poin dan telah diuji coba kepada 33 responden. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan analisis jalur (path analysis), uji parsial (uji t), koefisien determinasi, dan Uji Sobel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Lingkungan Kerja Fisik berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kesempatan Pengembangan Karier dengan nilai Standardized Beta sebesar 0,281 dan signifikansi 0,005. Lingkungan Kerja Nonfisik juga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kesempatan Pengembangan Karier dengan nilai Standardized Beta sebesar 0,475 dan signifikansi 0,000. Lingkungan Kerja Fisik dan Lingkungan Kerja Nonfisik masing-masing berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Keterlibatan Karyawan, sedangkan Keterlibatan Karyawan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kesempatan Pengembangan Karier. Namun, hasil Uji Sobel menunjukkan bahwa Keterlibatan Karyawan belum terbukti memediasi pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Fisik maupun Lingkungan Kerja Nonfisik terhadap Kesempatan Pengembangan Karier pada taraf signifikansi 5%.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, Lingkungan Kerja Fisik dan Lingkungan Kerja Nonfisik memiliki peran dalam membentuk persepsi karyawan terhadap Kesempatan Pengembangan Karier. Pengaruh kedua aspek lingkungan kerja terutama terlihat melalui pengaruh langsungnya, sedangkan Keterlibatan Karyawan belum terbukti sebagai variabel mediasi berdasarkan Uji Sobel. ENGLISH: Career Development Opportunities are an important aspect of human resource management, as they relate to the opportunities available to employees to plan their careers, participate in training and development programs, obtain promotion opportunities, and enhance their competencies. This study was motivated by the phenomenon of employee development program utilization at PT United Tractors Tbk., Jakarta Branch. Data from the Mandatory Learning Smart Year 2026 program showed a completion rate of approximately 34% on July 13, 2026, which increased to 44–45% on July 27, 2026, and reached 98–100% on July 31, 2026. Based on this phenomenon, this study aims to analyze the effects of the Physical Work Environment and Non-Physical Work Environment on Career Development Opportunities and to examine the mediating role of Employee Engagement. This study employed a quantitative approach using an associative research method. The study population consisted of 180 employees of PT United Tractors Tbk., Jakarta Branch. A total of 135 respondents were selected through purposive sampling, with a minimum tenure of one year as the selection criterion. The research instrument consisted of 39 statements measured using a four-point Likert scale and was pilot-tested on 33 respondents. Data were analyzed using path analysis, partial significance tests (t-tests), the coefficient of determination, and the Sobel test. The results indicate that the Physical Work Environment has a positive and significant effect on Career Development Opportunities, with a standardized beta coefficient of 0.281 and a significance value of 0.005. The Non-Physical Work Environment also has a positive and significant effect on Career Development Opportunities, with a standardized beta coefficient of 0.475 and a significance value of 0.000. Both the Physical Work Environment and Non-Physical Work Environment have positive and significant effects on Employee Engagement, while Employee Engagement has a positive and significant effect on Career Development Opportunities. However, the Sobel test results indicate that Employee Engagement was not statistically confirmed to mediate the effects of either the Physical Work Environment or the Non-Physical Work Environment on Career Development Opportunities at the 5% significance level.Based on these findings, the Physical Work Environment and Non-Physical Work Environment play important roles in shaping employees' perceptions of Career Development Opportunities. The effects of both aspects of the work environment are primarily reflected in their direct effects, whereas Employee Engagement was
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Kata Kunci: Lingkungan Kerja Fisik; Lingkungan Kerja Nonfisik; Keterlibatan Karyawan; Kesempatan Pengembangan Karier; Job Demands-Resources |
| Subjects: | Administration of Economy |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam > Program Studi Manajemen |
| Depositing User: | FAJAR RIDWAN FIRDAUS |
| Date Deposited: | 12 Oct 2026 03:54 |
| Last Modified: | 12 Oct 2026 03:54 |
| URI: | https://digilib.uinsgd.ac.id/id/eprint/144044 |
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